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azdot.gov/mvd
Arizona Driver License Manual
and CUSTOMER SERVICE GUIDE
Dear Arizona motorists:
The Arizona Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Division (ADOT MVD) is pleased
to provide this guide to Arizona traffic laws and information for obtaining a driver license or
identification card. This manual also provides essential safety information for both new and
experienced Arizona drivers.
ADOT MVD delivers services to millions of Arizona motorists each year. In line with the
Division’s vision of getting Arizona “out of the line and safely on the road” we are continuously
improving processes to provide swift and efficient service. In addition to coming into an office,
ADOT MVD offers alternative methods for Arizonans to access services. For example, through
ServiceArizona.com, customers are able to complete more than 20 motor vehicle transactions,
such as renewing your vehicle registration, requesting a replacement driver license, updating
your address, and purchasing a personalized or specialty license plate. We also encourage
Arizona drivers to take advantage of the more than 160 privately operated Authorized Third
Party locations to serve you across the state. Several of these locations offer both Title and
Registration and driver license transactions! Find a location convenient for you at
azdot.gov/mvdlocations.
We look forward to providing you with outstanding customer service and a safe driving
experience while we continue our mission of “moving Arizona’s citizens, economy and
infrastructure by getting safe drivers and vehicles on the road.”
Sincerely,
Eric R. Jorgensen
Director
Motor Vehicle Division
Douglas A. Ducey, Governor
John S. Halikowski, Director
Eric R. Jorgensen, Division Director
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
1801 W. Jefferson St. | Phoenix, AZ 85007 | azdot.gov
About This Manual
This manual is designed to help you obtain
a driver license or an instruction permit by
explaining the Arizona motor vehicle laws
without using technical language. Details
of the motor vehicle laws can be found in
Arizona Revised Statutes at azleg.gov under
Title 28 “Transportation” which offers the
most up to date and accurate information.
MVD is providing this manual electronically
to help insure you have the most up-to-date
information.
If you are applying for a motorcycle license,
you will need to study the Motorcycle
Operator Manual in addition to this manual.
If you are applying for a Commercial Driver
License, please refer to the Commercial Driver
License Manual. All manuals are available
online at azdot.gov/mvd or at any Motor
Vehicle Division office.
Questions or Comments?
Phoenix 602.255.0072
Tucson 520.629.9808
Elsewhere in Arizona 1.800.251.5866
TDD Hearing/Speech Impaired Service
602.712.3222
4 Office Locations and Hours
6 Fees at MVD Offices
8 Arizona’s Driver License
17 Section 1
BEFORE YOU DRIVE
20 Section 2
SAFE DRIVING PRACTICES
28 Section 3
ROADWAY AND VEHICLE
KNOWLEDGE
41 Section 4
SHARING THE ROAD WITH
OTHER VEHICLES
43 Section 5
ACTIVELY AVOIDING
CRASHES
54 Section 6
HANDLING EMERGENCIES
57 Section 7
LAW ENFORCEMENT
All Contents ©2018 Arizona Department of Transportation Revised August 2018
Table of Contents
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
4
Office Locations and Hours
Information concerning MVD office locations and hours may change. Please see azdot.gov/mvd
for current information.
Please visit ServiceArizona.com to schedule an appointment for a road test or to apply for
Voluntary Travel Identification Card or Voluntary Travel Driver License.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
5
ServiceArizona.com
It’s fast, convenient, secure, offers more
than 20 online services, and is continuously
expanding. ServiceArizona.com is MVD’s
authorized service website that allows our
customers to conduct a variety of motor
vehicle and driver license transactions online.
ServiceArizona.com now offers online
appointments that allow our customers to
choose the best time to visit a local MVD
office and avoid waiting in line when:
▪ Applying for Voluntary Travel ID
▪ Taking a road test
Services available at ServiceArizona.com
▪ Vehicle Registration Renewal
▪ Permanent Placard Renewal
▪ Replacement Driver License/ID
▪ Permit Test @ Home
▪ Emissions/Registration Check
▪ Prepaid Voucher
▪ Title Viewer
▪ Driver License Reinstatement
▪ Insurance Update and Vehicle
Reinstatement
▪ MVD Office Appointments
▪ Address/Email Change
▪ 30-Day General Use Permit
▪ Duplicate Vehicle Registration
▪ Fleet Registration Renewal
▪ Personalized/Specialty Plates
▪ Restricted Use 3-Day Permit
▪ Vehicle Sold Notice
▪ View Plate Credit
▪ Plate Refund
▪ Voter Registration
▪ Tab Replacement
▪ De-insured Certificate
▪ Organ Donor Registration
▪ Motor Vehicle Record – Title and
Registration or Driver Record
▪ Vehicle Fee Recap
▪ Insurance Verification
▪ Off Highway Vehicle Decal
▪ Motor Vehicle Lien Inquiry
ServiceArizona self-service centers, available
at some court locations and most MVD
offices, provide a convenient option for
faster service.
Third Party Services
Third party providers are authorized to
offer most MVD title, registration and driver
license services. They often offer convenient
extended hours on weekends and evenings.
Convenience fees apply. MVD monitors
the quality of third party work to ensure it
meets state operational standards.
For a list of MVD Third Party offices, visit
azdot.gov/mvdlocations.
Driver Education Services
MVD’s Authorized Third Party driver training
schools offer education and behind the wheel
training for new drivers and for those who
wish to brush up on their driving skills. The
schools are required to teach MVD’s training
curriculum, based on national standards.
MVD, in collaboration with the Arizona
Department of Education, also certifies high
school driver education programs.
Traffic Survival School Program
The Traffic Survival School Program is
designed for drivers who have convictions
for serious driving violations, have an
accumulation of points on their driving
record or are at risk of having their driving
privilege suspended. The program’s goal is
to change or modify risky or unsafe driving
behavior. Traffic survival schools are licensed
by the Arizona Chapter of the National Safety
Council (NSC). NSC qualifies instructors to
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
6
teach the MVD approved curriculum. A list
of authorized traffic survival schools can be
found online at azdot.gov/mvd.
Vehicle Inspections
Vehicle inspections match the vehicle
identification number (VIN) to the vehicle
ownership documents to determine the
identity of the vehicle’s owner and, in some
cases, to verify that the vehicle is properly
equipped for highway use. Third Party providers
are authorized by MVD to perform Level I
inspections. If necessary, vehicles are referred to
MVD for a Level II or Level III inspection.
Fees at MVD Offices
Operator or Motorcycle License
Ages 16-39 $25
40-44 $20
45-49 $15
50 & over and 5-year $10
Limited License $10
Instruction Permit $7
Motorcycle Endorsement $7
Restricted Instruction Permit $7
Replacement Driver License $12
Replacement Instruction Permit $2
Out-of-State Driver License Skill
Test
$15
Out-of-State Vision Screening $5
Voluntary Travel Driver License $25
Identification Card (ID)
Ages 0-64 $12
65 & over No fee
Replacement Identification Card $12
Voluntary Travel Identification Card $25
Commercial Driver License (CDL)
For commercial driver license fees, please
refer to the Commercial Driver License
Manual or contact one of the CDL offices.
Motor Vehicle Record
Uncertified 39-month $3
Certified 5-year $5
Other Fees
Abandoned Vehicle Fee $500
Abandoned Vehicle Fee (on
federal land)
$600
Returned Check Fee $25
If your license is revoked, suspended or canceled,
you may be required to pay another application
fee, in addition to a reinstatement fee.
Tips for Faster Service
Depending on your transaction:
▪ Visit ServiceArizona.com to determine
whether your transaction can be
completed online.
▪ Visit azdot.gov/mvd to complete an
application for an ID, driver license
or title.
▪ Visit ServiceArizona.com to schedule
an appointment for a road test or
Voluntary Travel credential.
▪ Avoid the first two days and the last
two days of the month and the day
after a holiday. In addition, most
offices are closed until noon on the
second Wednesday of each month.
▪ Bring your out-of-state driver license
– it will be used as a secondary form
of identification and may waive the
written/road test.
▪ Bring required identification.
▪ Bring your out-of-state title,
registration and license plates.
▪ Have your vehicle identification
number (VIN) handy
▪ In addition to cash, most fees may be
paid by credit card, cashier’s check or
money order.
▪ Please make your cashier’s check
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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or money order payable to: “Motor
Vehicle Division.”
Name and Address Changes
You are required by law to notify MVD
within 10-days of any change to your name
or address. If you do not report a change,
you may not receive renewal notices or other
correspondence concerning your driver
license or vehicle records and you may be
cited by law enforcement.
You may report a change of address online
at ServiceArizona.com or by telephone (see
page 3 for phone numbers). For an address
change, provide your full name, and new
address with zip code, plus your driver license
number, date of birth and the last four digits
of your Social Security Number. If you wish
to have your new address displayed on your
credential, you may apply and purchase a
replacement license.
MVD’s computer system links all of your MVD
records together. When you submit a change
of address, we will update your driver license
or identification card record and each vehicle
record for which you are listed as the first
registered owner.
To complete a name change, you may visit
any MVD office or an authorized third party
office that offers driver license services.
You will need to present appropriate
identification in both your new and previous
names. If you wish to show your new
name on your license, you may apply for
a replacement license. All names must be
verifiable with Social Security Administration
records.
Military Personnel Information
Military personnel based in Arizona who
qualify for an exemption under the Soldiers
and Sailors Relief Act are not considered
Arizona residents.
Upon discharge, military personnel may
work in Arizona for up to 90 days, without
obtaining an Arizona driver license, if all of
the following are met:
▪ Principal residence is in another state
or country.
▪ Possess a valid driver license issued by
another state or country.
▪ Operate a vehicle requiring a Class D
driver license.
▪ Is an employee, agent or consultant
of an organization that operates in
Arizona and at least one other state or
country.
Visit our website at azdot.gov/mvd for
information on a 5-year driver license
and vehicle services available to military
personnel.
Veteran Designation
A Veteran Designation on an Arizona driver
license, instruction permit or identification
card is available to U.S. military veterans
or active duty service members. The word
“VETERAN” will be printed on the front of
the driver license, instruction permit, or ID in
blue lettering.
A new application and photo are required
and standard transaction fees apply. For a
full listing of acceptable documentation the
Division may accept as proof of veteran status,
please visit our website azdot.gov/mvd.
Motor Vehicle Records
You may obtain your driving or motor vehicle
record online at ServiceArizona.com or by
completing a Motor Vehicle Record Request
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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form #46-4416 at azdot.gov/mvd and visiting
any MVD or Authorized Third Party office.
You will be required to show identification.
Arizona’s Driver License
Arizona Revised Statutes, section 28-3153(D)
provides that the Motor Vehicle Division
(MVD) must not issue or renew a driver
license or identification (ID) card for a person
who does not submit proof satisfactory to
MVD that the applicant’s presence in the
United States is authorized under federal
law. MVD is required to determine that each
applicant meets the requirements of the
law. Identification requirements may change
without notice.
Road Test
You may now schedule an appointment to
complete a road test! It is highly encouraged
that you schedule an appointment online to
ensure you are able to take the test when
you go to an office. You may schedule an
appointment at ServiceArizona.com for a
time convenient for you. To get the earliest
appointment possible, be sure to check
multiple locations.
Visit ServiceArizona.com for more
information regarding what is needed to take
the road test or to schedule your road test
appointment.
If a road test is required, you may drive a test
route that has a variety of traffic situations.
An examiner will ride with you in your vehicle
and give you directions to follow. You will be
observed and graded on specific actions and
on your general ability to safely operate the
vehicle.
Road tests may be suspended due to extreme
weather or safety conditions.
Before you can take the road test, you
will have to show that you understand the
meaning of Arizona traffic signs. You will also
have to respond to the following directions
in English:
▪ Stop (Alto)
▪ Slow down (Despacio)
▪ Change lanes left/right (Cambie al
carril izquierdo/derecho)
▪ Drive straight ahead (Siga derecho o
de frente)
▪ Turn left/right at the next street,
corner, stop sign or traffic light (Dé
vuelta a la izquierda/derecha en la
siguiente calle, esquina, señal de alto
o semáforo)
▪ Does your speedometer work?
(Funciona el velocímetro?)
▪ Fasten your seat belt (Abróchese el
cinturón de seguridad). Turn your
Left/Right signal on (Ponga o active la
direccional o señal para dar vuelta a
la izquierda/derecha)
You must provide the vehicle to be used
for the test. The vehicle must be in good
operating condition: functioning brakes,
brake lights, turn signals and horn, a
windshield with no cracks, both inside and
outside rearview mirrors, and tires that are
in good condition. Passenger and driver
side windows must also be operational.
The passenger and driver door must open
and close properly. You must show proof of
current registration and current automobile
liability insurance. If your vehicle is a 1972
model or newer, it must be equipped with
seat belts, and these belts must be properly
fastened and adjusted.
Vehicle Insurance
Every motor vehicle operated on the
roadways of this state must be covered by an
insurance liability policy issued by a company
that is licensed to do business in Arizona. The
policy must be an Arizona based policy that
reflects where the vehicle is predominantly
being operated.
Minimum levels of financial responsibility for
private passenger vehicles are:
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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▪ $15,000 bodily injury liability for one
person and $30,000 for two or more
persons.
▪ $10,000 property damage liability.
It is important that you verify that the vehicle
identification number (VIN) supplied by your
insurance company matches the VIN on your
vehicle registration. If it does not match, ask
your insurance company to resubmit the
correct VIN.
You must have proof of current insurance in
the vehicle when operating the vehicle. Law
enforcement officers will ask you for proof
of insurance at the time of traffic stops or
crashes. Insurance companies notify MVD
of all policy cancellations, non-renewals,
and new policies. If your insurance company
sends MVD a notice that your policy is no
longer active, we will send you an inquiry to
verify insurance status.
Failure to maintain proper insurance with a
correct VIN on file with MVD could lead to
the suspension of your vehicle registration
and/or driver license. To verify your insurance
coverage on file with MVD, please visit
ServiceArizona.com and click on “Insurance
Verification.
National Driver Register
Arizona is a member of the National Driver
Register, a nationwide computer system
providing information about problem
drivers. When you apply for an Arizona
driver license, your information is checked
against this system. If you have outstanding
or unresolved actions in another state, an
Arizona license will not be issued. If you
provide false information, your Arizona driver
license may be canceled.
Features of the License
▪ Security features designed to reduce
fraud.
▪ Credential type, e.g., Commercial
Driver License, Instruction Permit, is
printed near the “Arizona” logo”.
"Under 21" Driver License
▪ Vertical format for driver license,
instruction permit and ID cards.
▪ Licensee “Under 21” indicated next to
photo.
▪ Credential displays date when
licensee reaches age 21.
▪ A vertical credential cannot be used
for identification to purchase alcohol.
Resident Definition
State law requires that you obtain an Arizona
driver license and registration immediately if
any one of the following applies. If you:
▪ Work in Arizona (other than for
seasonal agricultural work).
▪ Place children in school without
paying the tuition rate of a nonresident.
▪ Have a business with an office in
Arizona, that bases and operates
vehicles in this state.
▪ Obtain a state license or pay school
tuition fees at the same rate as an
Arizona resident.
▪ Have a business that operates vehicles
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
10
to transport good or passengers
within Arizona.
▪ Remain in Arizona for a total of seven
months or more during any calendar
year, regardless of your permanent
residence.
▪ Are registered to vote in this state.
An “out-of-state student“ enrolled with seven
or more semester hours is not considered a
resident, even if employed.
Voter Registration
You may submit a voter registration form
at the same time you apply for a driver
license or ID card by completing the voter
registration portion of the driver license/ID
card application.
You are not required to register to vote
in order to obtain a license. If you decline
to register to vote, the fact that you have
declined will remain confidential. If you
do register to vote, the application will
remain confidential and will be used only
for registration purposes. Submitting a false
voter registration is a Class 6 felony.
To register, you must be all of the following:
▪ 18 years of age or older, on or before
the next General Election date.
▪ A United States citizen.
▪ A resident of Arizona.
▪ Have not been convicted of a felony,
unless your civil rights have been
restored.
▪ Have not been adjudicated
incompetent.
You may also register to vote online at
ServiceArizona.com or by completing a
separate voter registration form, which can
be obtained at an MVD office or by calling
602.542.8683 or toll free 1.877.THEVOTE.
You must be registered to vote 29 days
before an election in order to qualify to vote
in the upcoming election. There is no fee to
register vote.
If you change your address, you must
re-register to vote. You may register online
at ServiceArizona.com.
Organ Donation Program
A Donor Registry has been established in
Arizona. To indicate your decision to be a
donor, simply visit ServiceArizona.com and
click on the “Donate Life” logo to register
online or call 1.800.94.DONOR.
The application for a driver license or
identification card includes a box for you
to check if you would like to be added to
the Donate Life AZ Registry as an organ and
tissue donor.
Medical Condition Indicator
Space is provided on your license to indicate
medical conditions that may require
immediate attention. You must present a
statement about the medical condition,
signed by a licensed physician or registered
nurse practitioner to obtain a medical code
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
11
on your license.
Proof of Social Security Number
State and federal laws require you provide
proof of a valid Social Security number.
Your Social Security number will be used
to verify your identity and to comply with
child support laws. It will not be used as your
driver license number.
Classes of Licenses
Licenses are issued by “class”: Class G
(graduated), Class D (operator), Class M
(motorcycle) and Class A, B, C (commercial).
If the Class M license is combined with any
other class of license, it will be added as an
“endorsement” on the back of the current
license.
Instruction Permit
If you are at least 15 years and 6 months of
age you may be issued a graduated and/or a
motorcycle instruction permit. You must be
at least 18 for an operator permit.
Graduated or operator permit: you must be
accompanied by a Class A, B, C or D licensed
driver at least 21 years of age, who occupies
the seat beside you. These permits are valid
for 12 months.
Motorcycle permit: you are prohibited
from carrying passengers or operating
a motorcycle on freeways or interstate
highways between sunset and sunrise, at any
time when there is not enough light to clearly
see persons or vehicles at a distance of 500
feet. The motorcycle permit is valid for 7
months and can be renewed only one time
within a 24-month period.
To practice taking the written test, please
visit our website at azdot.gov/mvd.
Graduated License (Class G)
A graduated driver license is issued to an
applicant who is at least 16, but less than
18, years of age and is valid to operate any
vehicle that does not require a motorcycle or
commercial license.
Restrictions
For the first 6 months, a driver with a
graduated driver license shall not drive a
motor vehicle between the hours of midnight
and 5:00 a.m. unless:
▪ A parent or legal guardian with a valid
Class A, B, C or D license occupies the
front passenger seat or:
▪ Driving directly to or from a
sanctioned school-sponsored activity,
place of employment, a sanctioned
religious activity or a family emergency.
For the first 6 months, a driver with a
graduated driver license shall not drive a
motor vehicle containing more than one
passenger under the age of 18, unless:
▪ The passengers are the teen driver’s
siblings or
▪ The teen driver is accompanied by a
parent or legal guardian with a valid
Class A, B, C or D driver license who
occupies the front passenger seat.
Applicants will be required to pass the
Division’s written test before being issued
an Arizona instruction permit. This does
not apply to Commercial Learner’s Permits.
Arizona will give applicants credit for the time
they have held their instruction permit in
another state.
An applicant for a graduated license must
have held an Arizona instruction permit for
at least 6 months. The permit must be valid
at the time of application. An applicant must
also have satisfactorily completed an Arizona
driver education program approved by MVD
or the parent or guardian must certify in
writing that the applicant has completed at
least 30 hours of supervised driving practice,
including at least 10 hours at night.
An applicant holding a current and valid out
of state driver license may be exempt from
the driver education/driving practice and
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
12
instruction permit requirements.
The holder of a graduated license is not
required to obtain an operator license at age
18, but may choose to obtain one.
Penalties
If you receive a citation, you may be eligible
to attend the Arizona Supreme Court’s
Defensive Driving Program. Please read the
information provided with your citation
carefully for information about your options.
The following penalties are for drivers who are
under age 18, have a graduated driver license,
and are convicted of a traffic violation.
First conviction of a traffic violation:
▪ Must attend Traffic Survival School.
▪ Violation goes on driving record.
Second conviction of a traffic violation:
▪ 3-month suspension of driving
privilege.
▪ Violation goes on driving record.
Third conviction of a traffic violation:
▪ 6-month suspension of driving
privilege.
▪ Violation goes on driving record.
There are additional penalties for violations
of curfew and passenger restrictions,
including fines and mandatory extension of
the 6-month restricted driving period.
Suspension of driving privilege results for a
third conviction of curfew and/or passenger
violations, convictions of other violations
including alcohol-related convictions.
Parent/Guardian Approval for
Applicants Under 18
If you are under 18, your application for an
instruction permit or driver license must be
signed by at least one adult. The adult will
be responsible for any negligence or willful
misconduct when you are driving.
The application must be signed by:
▪ One natural/adoptive parent, if
married to the other natural/adoptive
parent
▪ Both natural/adoptive parents, if not
married to each other, but share joint
custody
▪ One natural/adoptive parent with sole
custody
▪ Legal guardian (proof required)
▪ Foster parent living with the minor
(proof required), or
▪ Employer of the minor (parents’ death
certificates must be shown).
The signatures must be witnessed by an
MVD agent or by a notary public. Signatures
obtained for an instruction permit will be
required again for a driver license.
The person who signed the application for the
minor, as well as the person with responsibility
for the minor, may cancel the minor’s license.
The license may be canceled by submitting
a “Driver License/ID Cancellation Request”
available online, at any driver license office,
or by sending a notarized letter authorizing
the cancellation to Motor Vehicle Division ,
P.O. Box 2100, Mail Drop 533M, Phoenix, AZ
85001. Indicate the license number, full name
and date of birth of the person whose license
is to be canceled.
Selective Service Registration
Federal law requires that every male United
States citizen and male alien residing in the
United States or its territories must register
with the U.S. Selective Service System within
30 days of his 18th birthday. Arizona law
requires that by submitting an application
for an original, renewal or reinstatement
driver license or identification card, male
applicants under 26 years of age consent to
registration with the Selective Service as part
of the application process. When submitting
an application for a duplicate driver license
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
13
or identification card, male applicants under
26 years of age have the option to consent to
registration as part of the application process.
Registering with Selective Service does
not mean that you are joining the military.
Registration provides the federal government
with an accurate list of males who might be
called to military service if a return to the draft
is authorized by Congress and the President.
If you are 18 to 25 years of age, registration
information will immediately be sent to
Selective Service. If you are under 18,
information will be stored and automatically
sent to the Selective Service when you reach
age 18. Selective Service will send you a
Registration Acknowledgment Card when you
Registration is complete.
For more information, call Selective Service
toll-free at 1.888.655.1825 or sss.gov.
Operator License (Class D)
An operator license allows you to drive any
vehicle that does not require a motorcycle or
commercial license. You must be at least 18
years of age to apply for an operator license.
Motorcycle License (Class M)
A motorcycle license or endorsement is
required to drive a motorcycle or motor
driven cycle. You must be at least 16 to apply
for a motorcycle license.
An applicant for a motorcycle license or
endorsement who is under 18 must have held
an Arizona motorcycle instruction permit for
at least six months. An applicant must also
have satisfactorily completed a motorcycle
driver education program that is approved by
MVD or the parent or guardian must certify
in writing that the applicant has completed
at least 30 hours of supervised motorcycle
driving practice.
An applicant holding an out-of-state
motorcycle license or endorsement may
be exempt from the driver education/
driving practice and instruction permit
requirements.
For additional information, see the Motorcycle
Operator Manual, available online at
azdot.gov/mvd or any MVD or Third Party office.
Commercial Driver License (Class A, B or C)
A commercial driver license (CDL) is required
for operating a commercial motor vehicle
grouped by the following classes:
▪ Class A: Any combination of vehicles
with a gross combination weight
rating (GCWR) of 26,001 or more
pounds, provided the GVWR of the
vehicle(s) being towed is in excess of
10,000 lbs.
▪ Class B: Any single vehicle with a
GVWR of 26,001 lbs or more, or any
such vehicle towing a vehicle not in
excess of 10,000 lbs GVWR
▪ Class C: Any single vehicle, or
combination of vehicles, that meets
neither the definition of Group A
nor that of Group B, but is designed
to transport 16 or more passengers
including the driver, or is used in the
transportation of hazardous materials
requiring placarding. A Passenger
(P) or a Hazardous Materials
Endorsement (HME) is required to
obtain a Class C CDL.
For more information and requirements,
please see our website azdotgov/mvd or
obtain a copy of the CDL Driver License
Manual.
Identification (ID) Card
The identification card is available to all ages
(including infants) for $12. Persons over
the age of 65 or anyone receiving Federal
Supplemental Security Income disability
checks receive the card free of charge.
You may not possess an identification card
and a driver license at the same time.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
14
An Arizona ID Card with a photo allows law
enforcement agencies to rapidly distribute
your child’s information and photograph in
the event of an AMBER ALERT.
A new photo will be needed as your child grows
and changes. Photo updates are available at
MVD offices. A duplicate identification card
with the new photo costs $12.
What do I need to bring to MVD?
Be prepared and plan ahead. Complete and
submit your application in advance to MVD
for a Driver License or Identification Card
using our online “Be Prepared” system.
Complete your application before you visit
a local MVD office or Authorized Third Party
location and help to speed up the application
process. To access the online application visit
azdot.gov/driver-services.
Required for a Driver License or
ID Card
Identification and Proof of Age
The following list is subject to change. MVD
may request additional information and
documentation when making determinations
regarding age, identity and authorized
presence. Please check our website for updates.
▪ You need two types of documents
listed below. One document must be
listed under “Primary” (below).
▪ All must be originals or copies
certified by the issuing agency.
▪ All must be in English.
PRIMARY (must include Date of Birth)
Social Security number is required to verify
identity and to comply with federal and
state laws.
▪ Enhanced Driver License or Enhanced
ID Card issued by any state in the US
– (Evidenced by the word “Enhanced”
printed on the card).
▪ Enhanced Tribal Card (Tohono
O’odham Nation, Kootenai Tribe and
Pascua Yaqui Tribe) – Evidenced by the
word “Enhanced” printed on the card.
▪ Original or certified copy of a birth
certificate issued by any state,
territory or possession of the U.S.
(Hospital records/certificates and
California Certified Abstracts of Birth
are not acceptable).
▪ Delayed Birth Certificate issued by any
state, territory or possession of the US.
▪ US Certificate of Birth Abroad (FS-240,
545 or DS-1350).
▪ US Passport or Passport Card
▪ Arizona ID Card
▪ Tribal Certificate of Indian Blood
▪ Tribal or Bureau of Indian Affairs
Affidavit of Birth.
▪ Foreign Passport with US Visa or Visa
Waiver I-94W (Green) or Admission
Stamp (classes WB & WT eligible for
ID card only).
▪ I-94 Form presented without passport.
If without photo, must also provide
other acceptable form of state ID.
▪ Permanent Resident Card/Resident
Alien Card, I-551.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
15
▪ A USCIS Employment Authorization
Card (EAC)
▪ Refugee Travel Document I-571
▪ US Certificate of Naturalization
▪ US Certificate of Citizenship
▪ US Military DD-214
▪ US Military ID Card (active duty,
reserve and retired).
▪ Record of a previous Arizona Driver
License, ID Card or Instruction Permit.
▪ Affidavit of Identification (with photo
and within 15 days of issue) from
Arizona Department of Corrections.
▪ Released Offender ID (with photo
from Arizona Department of Corrections.
SECONDARY (does not have to
include Date of Birth)
▪ Driver License, ID Card or Instruction
Permit issued by any state, territory
or possession of the US.
▪ Arizona Certificate of Birth (Foreign
Born)
▪ Social Security Card
▪ US Military Dependent ID Card
▪ US Armed Forces Driver License
▪ US Department of Veterans Affairs
Card
▪ US Department of Justice Inmate ID
Card
▪ Motor Vehicle Record or Clearance
Letter (within 30 days of issue)
▪ Legal Guardian Certificate
▪ Selective Service Card
▪ W-2 Form
▪ Concealed Weapons Permit
▪ Medical Insurance ID Card (including
AHCCCS ID card)
▪ Professional License
▪ Employee ID Badge (with photo)
▪ Marriage Certificate issued by any
state, territory or possession of the US
▪ Certified Letter of Identification for a
Ward of the Court, issued by a court
or government agency in the US
▪ Decrees from Court of Record:
▫ Adoption
▫ Bankruptcy
▫ Divorce Emancipation
▫ Legal Guardian
▫ Name Change
Replacement License
You may obtain a duplicate license for $12 if
you meet one of the following criteria:
▪ Your Arizona driver license or
identification card is lost, stolen,
destroyed, or becomes unreadable.
If your license has been lost or stolen
and you have reason to believe
someone else is using it, the incident
should be reported to your local police
department as an identity theft.
▪ Your address or name changes.
▪ You wish to update your photo.
▪ You wish to remove your Social
Security number from your license.
▪ You wish to convert a graduated
license to an under 21 driver license.
▪ You wish to convert an under 21
license to a regular driver license.
▪ You must provide two acceptable
items of identification. If your name
has changed, you will need to present
identification in both your new and
previous names (i.e., court document).
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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A replacement license may be obtained
online at ServiceArizona.com. If your license
is more than 12 years old, you must visit an
MVD office to obtain the duplicate so that
your photo may be updated.
Voluntary Travel ID
The Arizona Voluntary Travel ID is the
credential that complies with the federal
REAL ID Act of 2005. The Voluntary Travel
ID is available as both a driver license and
identification card.
The Voluntary Travel ID will serve as valid
identification to pass through airport security
to board commercial aircraft as well as access
some restricted areas in federal facilities,
nuclear power plants and military bases.
Current Arizona credentials will be sufficient
until Oct. 1, 2020.
The Federal Real ID act of 2005 requires
Arizona to distinguish between standard
and compliant credentials and clearly state
on all non-federally compliant (standard)
credentials “Not for Federal Identification.”
All federally compliant credentials will be
printed with a yellow star shape insignia near
the upper right corner of the credential.
The Voluntary Travel ID cost is $25 for
first time issuance and renewals. In most
instances, it will be valid for eight years.
The Voluntary Travel ID can be obtained
at MVD offices and Authorized Third
Party Driver License providers. For more
information on locations, please visit
azdot.gov/mvdlocations.
Required for a Voluntary
Travel ID
▪ Valid, unexpired U.S. Passport or
Passport Card
▪ Original or certified copy of a birth
certificate filed with a state office of
Vital Statistics or equivalent agency in
the individual’s State of Birth (Hospital
records/certificates and California
Certified Abstracts of Birth are not
acceptable).
▪ Consular Report of Birth Abroad
issued by the U.S. Department of
State Form FS-240, DL-1350 or FS-545
▪ Valid, unexpired Permanent Resident
Card Form I-551 issued by DHS or INS
▪ Unexpired employment authorization
document (EAD) issued by DHS, Form
I-766 or Form I-688B.
▪ Unexpired foreign passport with
a valid unexpired U.S. visa affixed,
accompanied by the approval I-94
form documenting the applicants
most recent admittance into the U.S.
▪ Certified of Naturalization issued by
DHS Form N-550 or Form N-570
▪ Certificate of Citizenship Form N-560
or Form N-561, issued by DHS
Social Security Number Verification
(must provide one the following that
contains full SSN)
▪ Social Security Administration account
number card W-2 Form
▪ SSA-1099 Form
▪ Non SSA-1099 Form
▪ Pay stub with the applicants name
and SSN on the form
Proof of Residency
(must provide two of the following)
▪ Utility bill – water, sewer, gas,
electricity, cable, internet, phone,
HOA or garbage
▪ Mortgage Document
▪ Home or Apartment Rental Agreement
▪ Vehicle Loan Document
▪ Credit Card / Bank Statement
▪ Tax Document
▪ Pay Stub or Earning Document
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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▪ Homeowners / renters insurance
policy
▪ Auto or Life Insurance policy binder
▪ Statements for Federal, State and
Local assistance programs including
Medicare, Medicaid, unemployment
insurance claims, or WIC
▪ Transcript or report card from an
accredited school
▪ U.S. postal service change of address
confirmation form / postmarked mail
with forwarding address
▪ Court Documents
▪ Statement on a homeless shelters letter
head, transitional service provider,
half-way house or religious institution
certifying the applicants address
▪ Arizona Address Confidentially
Program Residency Letter
▪ Arizona Address Confidentiality
Program authorization card
▪ Arizona Residency Affidavit –
Individual providing the statement
must provide proof of residency at the
time of application.
(Residency documents must be dated within
the past 90 days)
Replacement Credential Information
If you possess a regular and a federally
compliant credential you will be required
to purchase a duplicate of both credentials
should your driver license or identification
card become lost, stolen, destroyed, or
unreadable. All fees related to duplicate
identification cards or driver licenses apply.
Replacement Voluntary Travel
Credential
When you buy a vehicle, Arizona law requires
that you apply for a title within 15 days of
purchase or transfer. If your vehicle was
registered in another state and you wish
to operate it in Arizona, you must register
it here as soon as you become an Arizona
resident (see “Resident Definition” on page 9).
Most vehicles may be registered for either
1- or 2-year periods. (Some vehicles must
be emission tested every year and are,
therefore, not eligible for 2-year registration).
A 5-year registration option is offered for
vehicles that do not require an emissions test
during the five years of the registration period.
Section 1
BEFORE YOU DRIVE
Preparation
Your vehicle must have no defective or
missing equipment. The following equipment
must be in working order:
▪ Brakes
▪ Speedometer
▪ Turn signals
▪ Windshield (intact)
▪ Horn
▪ Tires in good condition
▪ Seat belts
▪ Driver and front passenger side
windows
▪ Emergency flashers
Prior to starting your vehicle, adjust your
seat, steering wheel, rear view and outside
mirrors. Before putting the vehicle in motion,
check your turn signals and brakes to ensure
they are in working order.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
18
Tire Safety
Arizona’s seasonal extreme driving conditions
make tire maintenance very important. Many
tire professionals offer free inspections.
This is the best way to ensure your tires can
handle the intense summer heat, the summer
monsoon storms, and winter snow and ice in
the high country.
There are some basic checks that you can do
yourself:
Tire Pressure
Find the recommended psi (pounds per
square inch) for your vehicle, typically on the
door jamb. Use a tire pressure gauge to check
the reading and either add air or let it out as
needed.
Tread Depth
You can check for wear by using the penny
test. Select a point on your tire where the
tread appears to be lowest and place Abraham
Lincoln’s head into one of the grooves. Part of
Lincoln’s head should be covered by the tread.
If not, it may be time to replace your tires.
Arizona’s Safety Belt Law (Buckle Up
Arizona!)
Each front seat occupant of a motor vehicle
per federal and state motor vehicle safety
standards must either:
▪ Have the lap and shoulder belt
properly adjusted and fastened while
the vehicle is in motion, or
▪ If only a lap belt is installed where the
occupant is sitting, the lap belt must
be properly adjusted and fastened
while the vehicle is in motion.
The operator of a motor vehicle must require
all passengers under the age of 16 years to
buckle up.
A combination lap/shoulder belt greatly
reduces your chances of being seriously
injured in a motor vehicle crash. The lap
belt prevents ejection and protects your
lower body. The shoulder belt keeps your
head and chest from striking the dashboard
or windshield. In vehicles with automatic
shoulder belts and manual lap belts, it is
extremely important to buckle the lap belt.
Child Car Seat Safety Information
(Buckle Up Children!)
Seat belts are not designed for children.
Arizona law requires that a person shall not
operate a motor vehicle on the highways in
this state when transporting a child who is
under five years of age unless that child is
properly secured in a child restraint system.
Additionally, children between five and eight
years of age are required to be in a child
restraint system until they are a minimum of
four feet, nine inches tall.
If you see an unrestrained child in a moving
vehicle, please call 1.800.505.BABY with the
vehicle plate number, city, and location of the
child in the vehicle.
Drivers transporting more than one child under
eight years of age must secure as many children
in child restraint systems as reasonable given
the size of the passenger area and number of
passengers being transported.
Child restraint systems must meet
U.S. Department of Transportation
safety standards and must be used by
following manufacturer’s and automobile
manufacturer’s instructions.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
19
Air bags can save lives and prevent serious
injuries, but they are unsafe for children
under 12 years of age. Children age 12 years
and under should never ride in the front seat
of a car. If a child must ride in the front seat
of a car, please turn the front passenger-side
air bag off (most newer vehicles are equipped
with an on/off switch).
Governor’s Office of Highway Safety
For more information on safety issues,
contact the Arizona Governor’s Office of
Highway Safety. In Phoenix call 602.255.3216,
statewide call toll-free 1.877.355.3216, or
online at azgohs.gov.
Travel Information Service
With a rapidly growing
transportation system,
travelers need current travel
information fast. Dial 511 any
time, day or night for up-tothe-minute
reports about:
▪ Traffic Conditions and Road Closures
▪ Transit
▪ Airports
▪ Tourism
▪ Metro Region Quick Reports
▪ Construction and Work Zones
Dial 511 and press the star key (*) to activate
the systems touch tone mode and you will be
guided through the available features. You may
also use the voice-activated prompts. When
using voice activation, please listen to the entire
introduction and reduce background noise.
In addition, travel information is available via
the Internet at az511.com.
511 and az511.com are provided as free
services by the Arizona Department of
Transportation.
Check the Vehicle
How safely you can drive also depends on the
vehicle you are driving. It is the responsibility
of drivers to make certain that the vehicles
they drive are safe to operate. A vehicle that
is unsafe costs more to operate than one that
is maintained.
A vehicle in good condition can give you an
extra safety margin when you need it.
Your vehicle may be required to have an
emission inspection at an authorized Inspection
Station. If the vehicle does not pass, you will be
given 30 days to have the problem fixed and
have a follow-up emission test re-check.
Follow your vehicle owner’s manual for
routine maintenance. Some maintenance you
can do yourself and some must be done by a
qualified technician. A few simple checks will
help prevent trouble on the road.
All Truck and Trailers
Secure and Cover Loads!
According to Arizona law, “A person shall
not drive or move a vehicle on a highway
unless the vehicle is constructed or loaded
in a manner to prevent any of its load
from dropping, sifting, leaking or otherwise
escaping from the vehicle.”(A.R.S. 28-1098.A.).
Required Equipment for Motor
Vehicles
Brakes
Every motor vehicle must have brakes in
good working condition. Cars and trucks must
have both a foot brake and a parking brake.
Each set of brakes must apply to at least two
wheels. A motorcycle must have at least one
brake that may be applied by hand or foot.
Trailers of 3,000 lbs or more gross weight must
be equipped with separate brakes.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
20
Safety Belts
Each front seat occupant of a motor vehicle
manufactured after 1972 must have the seat
belt properly fastened and adjusted while the
vehicle is in motion.
Child Safety Seats
A child less than 8 years old must be properly
secured in a child passenger restraint system
while being transported in a vehicle in
this state.
Head Restraints
Seat-back head restraints are designed to
reduce the chance of whiplash injury in rearend
crashes. If they are adjustable, they should
be positioned to fit against the back of your
head and to line up with the middle of the ear.
Muffler
Every motor vehicle must have a muffler
in good working condition and in constant
operation to prevent excessive pollution or
unusual noise. It is against the law to use a
muffler “cut-out,” bypass or similar device.
Air Pollution Control
Motor vehicles of 1967 model year and
newer must be equipped with an exhaust
emissions system to help reduce air pollution.
Also, the engine of every motor vehicle
must be equipped to prevent the escape of
excessive fumes and smoke.
Windows and Windshields
Vehicles must have a windshield (without
cracks) and windshield wipers that are in
good working condition. Sun screening tint
materials on windows and windshields are
legal only within certain limits. Owners should
make sure that the manufacturer or installer
of the material complies with Arizona law.
Rearview Mirrors
Every vehicle that is made or loaded so that
the driver’s view to the rear is blocked must
have at least one outside driver side mirror
that shows the view of the highway for at
least 200 feet to the rear.
Horns and Warning Devices
A working horn that can be heard for 200
feet is required on your vehicle. Emergency
vehicles may have a siren, whistle or bell.
Red Lights and Flashers
Flashing red warning lights are prohibited on
the front of the vehicle, even those vehicles
that are disabled, except on authorized
emergency vehicles, school buses and snow
removal equipment.
Hazard warning signal lights (emergency
flashers) should be activated whenever
your vehicle is stopped on the roadway or
shoulder of the road.
Section 2
SAFE DRIVING PRACTICES
Defensive Driving
Driving defensively will help protect your life
and your driving record.
“Defensive Driving” means being constantly
aware of the driving conditions, planning
ahead, anticipating dangers and taking the
right action so as not to come in contact with
any obstacle or another vehicle.
We all want to avoid crashes that could result
in injury or even death. But, even when there
is no injury, a crash means inconvenience and
auto repair costs. It may also result in a court
appearance and fines, as well as increased
insurance rates.
Attitude and Awareness
Courtesy and consideration toward others
are the most important driving attitudes
you can develop. They are the key to safe
driving. Concentration and alertness are
other important elements. You must develop
the habit of keeping your mind on driving.
Driving when you are drowsy, or under
emotional distress, can be just as dangerous
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
21
as driving while impaired.
Foresight
Foresight means being able to size up traffic
situations as quickly as possible and being
prepared to take corrective action. Safe
driving requires exercising good judgement
and recognizing the proper choices to make
in any given traffic situation.
Even the most experienced drivers make
mistakes. Regardless of how many years
you’ve been driving, at some point you
will face equipment failures, bad weather
conditions, unskilled drivers on the road, and
drivers who ignore traffic regulations.
The best way to prepare yourself for
unpredictable events is to drive defensively.
▪ Always maintain good vision ahead
and around your vehicle.
▪ Stay alert and be prepared to react to
the unexpected.
▪ Obey speed limits and know when to
slow down and stop for unexpected
events.
▪ Always wear your safety belt.
As a defensive driver, you should constantly
look ahead of you and around you, and
always check your mirrors. Be aware of the
road conditions or possible hazards that lie in
front, to the sides, and behind you.
Knowledge and Experience
The beginning driver should learn through
instruction, observation, and practice. If you
are not enrolled in a driver training program,
ask an experienced, skilled, licensed driver
for help. After you obtain your instruction
permit, practice by starting your vehicle,
moving out of your parked area, stopping,
and maintaining vehicle control in a parking
lot or other open area with little traffic.
Practice will sharpen your basic skills and
build your confidence.
Experienced drivers, on the other hand,
often face the problems of carelessness,
overconfidence and bad driving habits
that develop over time. Driving rules and
techniques have changed over the years
and the amount of traffic is constantly
increasing. Your ability to adjust and adapt
to changes will determine how safe a driver
you really are. Your knowledge should include
recognition of the hazards of driving and how
to protect yourself, and others.
A skill is a well rehearsed driving strategy
that involves anticipation, reaction and the
constant changing of the space between your
vehicle and other vehicles. You must continually
strive for improvement. Improvement can be
measured in your elimination of risk-taking,
your adherence to speed limits and your ability
to take corrective action when necessary.
Distractions
It is your responsibility to pay full attention to
your driving. Avoid distractions while driving,
such as:
▪ Reading a GPS unit or road map.
▪ Using a phone, texting or using other
electronic handheld devices.
▪ Searching for an item dropped on
the seat.
▪ Tending to children.
▪ Fastening a safety belt while driving.
Even minor distractions can take your
attention away from driving. There is a
potential crash in every minor distraction.
Cell Phones/Texting
Pull off the road safely and stop if you are
going to use a cell phone or send/receive a text
message. Use of such devises while driving
results in distracted driving behavior and is
dangerous. While operating a motor vehicle,
both hands should be on the steering wheel,
allowing the driver full control of the vehicle.
Instruction Permit holders may not use
a wireless communication device for any
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
22
reason, except during an emergency in which
stopping the vehicle is impossible or will
create an additional emergency or safety
hazard.
For the first six months, a person that holds a
Class G license may not drive a motor vehicle
using a wireless communication device for
any reason, except during an emergency in
which stopping the vehicle is impossible or
will create an additional emergency or safety
hazard, or when using an audible turnby-turn
navigation system (the navigation
system may not be manually programmed
while driving the vehicle).
Steering
The proper way to stay in your lane of travel
is to look well ahead and make only slight
steering corrections as needed. Drivers tend to
steer towards what they are looking at. When
driving in a curve or turn, if you look generally
to the outside of your lane of travel while in the
curve, you are more likely stay within your lane.
Only practice can teach you how to steer.
Scanning
Be alert and watch for cars, bicyclists, people
or animals that may cross your path. Such
areas may include intersections, crosswalks,
shopping centers, construction areas and
playgrounds. Keep your eyes moving and
learn to “read” the road. To avoid the need
for last minute decision making, look ahead
for a distance of about one city block.
When approaching an intersection, be sure to
check both left and right before proceeding.
By frequently checking the traffic behind you,
you will know when someone is tailgating or
moving up too quickly. Check your rearview
mirror often for the position of traffic behind
you. When changing lanes, check your side
mirrors and turn your head and look over
your shoulder to be sure that it is safe to
proceed with the lane change. By knowing
the speed and position of traffic on all four
sides of your vehicle, you will be better able
to make decisions quickly and safely.
Positioning Vehicle
Cushion of Space Around Your Vehicle
You can use the “3-6 second” rule to
determine if you have enough cushion
between you and the vehicle you are
following. When the vehicle ahead of you
passes a certain point, such as a sign or
over-pass, count “one-thousand-one, onethousand-two,
one-thousand-three, onethousand-four.”
This takes about four seconds.
If you pass the same point before you finish
counting, you are following too closely. At
faster speeds, the distance should be greater.
At times you will need more than a 3-second
cushion (e.g., poor road conditions). Give
yourself 3 to 6 seconds for more cushion.
The space between you and other vehicles
gives you (and the other drivers) time to react
in emergencies and avoid collisions. Create
a space cushion around you by staying in the
middle of your lane. Make sure there is enough
room ahead and behind to pass or stop safely.
Leave enough space between you and the car
ahead of you to allow for a sudden stop. At
high speeds, the distance your vehicle travels
while you are reacting to a problem is greater
- and your margin for error is less. If you are
following too closely, you may not be able
to stop in time. Most rear end crashes are
caused by following too closely.
When sharing a lane with a bicycle, allow at
least 3 feet of clearance between you and the
bicycle. Moderate your speed.
:06 :03
Help the driver behind you maintain a safe
following distance by driving at a constant
speed and signaling in advance whenever you
are slowing or stopping.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
23
If another driver is following too closely,
gradually slow down and give additional
cushion between you and the vehicle in front of
you. This additional space allows you to brake
more slowly to accommodate the reaction time
and braking of the vehicle that is tailgating you.
When safe to do so, you can move to another
lane to encourage the tailgater to pass.
Remember, what you do can affect the driver
behind you, especially if you must stop suddenly.
Blind spots are areas on the left and right
sides of your vehicle that are not visible in your
mirror. Blind spots can occur when vehicles
are parked too close to an intersection or
when bushes, trees and buildings block your
view. In situations like these, slowly inch your
vehicle forward until you have a clear view.
Then proceed when the way is clear.
Avoid driving in someone else’s blind spot.
This can be just as dangerous as not checking
your own. Speed up or drop back but never stay
for an extended time in a blind spot area. Make
sure your vehicle can be seen by other drivers.
Do not rely on your mirrors alone to see
other vehicles. Look over your shoulder to
see if the way is clear before changing lanes.
Entering/Crossing Traffic
When entering the roadway from a side road
or private drive, stop and wait for traffic to
clear. Don’t assume that a vehicle using a turn
signal is actually going to make a turn, wait
until after you see the other driver commit to
the turn before entering the roadway.
Communicating
Any time you plan to change directions, use
your turn signals – whether you are changing
lanes, turning at an intersection, entering a
freeway, pulling away from a curb or pulling
off to the side of the road. Develop the habit
of using your turn signals even when you
do not see other vehicles on the road. The
vehicle you do not see is the most dangerous
one. Communicating means clearly showing
other drivers and pedestrians what you plan
to do early enough to avoid a collision. Here
are some rules to follow:
▪ Signal at least 100 feet (approximately
4 seconds) before you turn so other
drivers will have time to react.
▪ If you plan to turn beyond an
intersection, do not signal until you
are in the intersection (drivers in the
intersection may pull into your path).
▪ After you complete your move, be
sure your turn signal is off.
Signaling
Signaling lets other drivers know you are going
to do something different and gives them time
to react to your move. Signaling does not give
you the right-of-way. Turns may be indicated
using turn signals, hand signals, or both. The
law designates which lanes and positions you
must use when turning and requires you to
signal at least 100 feet before you turn.
You should always signal before you:
▪ Change lanes.
▪ Turn at an intersection or into a
driveway or alley.
▪ Enter or leave a freeway.
▪ Pull away from the curb.
▪ Pull over to the side of the road.
▪ Slow down or stop suddenly (when
using hand signals).
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
24
Hand and turn signals are shown below.
RIGHT TURN
LEFT TURN
SLOW DOWN/STOP
Passing
When you want to pass a vehicle traveling in
the same direction, pass on the left. Signal
that you are about to change lanes. Make sure
you have time and room to get all the way in
front of the vehicle you are passing without
creating danger for vehicles coming toward
you. Move into the left lane and pass the
vehicle. When you can see the entire front or
both headlights of the vehicle you passed in
your rearview mirror, look over your shoulder
to be sure the lane is clear, signal that you are
changing lanes, then return to the lane on the
right. This procedure also applies to passing
slow-moving bicycles and mopeds.
When another vehicle comes up behind you
and sounds its horn or flashes its lights, move
to the right when safe and let it pass. Never
speed up when another vehicle is passing you.
Passing on the Right
Passing on the right is permitted only when it
is safe and:
▪ The driver of the other vehicle is
turning left (never pass to the left of a
driver who has signaled a left turn).
▪ An open highway is clearly marked for
two or more lanes of vehicles moving
in the same direction as you are going.
▪ You are in a business or residential
district where the pavement is marked
for two or more lanes of vehicles
moving in the direction you are going.
▪ You must never pass on the right by
driving off the paved or main portion
of the roadway.
Do Not Pass
You must not pass when:
▪ There is a double solid line or a solid
dividing line on the lane in which you
are driving.
▪ Approaching a curve or the top of a
hill where you cannot see ahead to be
sure of safe passing.
▪ Approaching within 100 feet of a
street crossing.
▪ Approaching within 100 feet of a
railroad crossing.
▪ Within 100 feet of a bridge, tunnel, or
underpass where your view is blocked.
Roundabouts
A roundabout is an intersection control
device with traffic circulating around an
island. Approaching vehicles must yield
to the traffic in the circle. Always yield to
pedestrians and bicyclists that are crossing
the road. Always enter a roundabout to
the right of the central island. Vehicles
approaching the roundabout must yield rightof-way
to vehicles in the roundabout.
Know Where You’re Headed – Know where you
want to go as you approach the intersection.
Follow the signs and get in the appropriate lane.
How to drive in a roundabout:
▪ Slow down as you approach the
intersection; roundabouts are
designed for speeds of 15-20 mph.
▪ Enter the roundabout when there is a
gap in traffic. Once inside, do not stop.
Follow directions on signs or pavement
markings about which lane to use.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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▪ You may exit at any street or continue
around if you miss your exit.
Yield – Vehicles in the roundabout have the
right-of-way.
Watch Out for Large Trucks – Don’t try to
pass large trucks in the roundabout.
Emergency Vehicles – Proceed with caution in
the roundabout when you see an emergency
vehicle. Exit if you can, or pull over to the right.
Pedestrians – Use crosswalks and use caution.
Bicyclists – Be aware of traffic rules or walk
your bike and use the crosswalks.
YIELD
ONE WAY
LEFT TURN
U-TURN
ST RAIGHT
RIGHT TURN
As you approach the roundabout,
slow down and YIELD until there
is a safe gap before entering.
When safe, enter and complete
your turn or U-turn.
Parking
You must be sure that you are not in the way
of traffic, obstructing visibility or in an illegal
parking zone when you park on a public roadway.
International Symbol of Access
This symbol, which appears on reserved
parking signs, placards and license plates, is
the international symbol of access for persons
with disabilities. Parking spaces marked with
this symbol are only to be used by a vehicle
displaying a valid placard or license plate with
this symbol, and only when transporting the
person who was issued the placard or plate.
It is illegal for anyone else to park in these
spaces and may result in a fine.
Backing Up/Reversing
Backing up or reversing your car is dangerous
because it is hard for you to see behind you.
Here are some rules you should follow
whenever you have to back your car:
▪ Check behind your car before you get
in. Children or small objects are hard
to see from the driver’s seat.
▪ Turn around so that you can look
directly through the rear window. Do
not depend on your mirrors.
▪ Back up slowly.
Parallel Parking
When parallel parking, be sure to continually
check for oncoming traffic. Your ability to judge
distances while controlling the speed of your
vehicle is the key to completing this maneuver.
To parallel park correctly:
▪ Check traffic behind you and signal
that you are stopping.
▪ Stop when you are alongside the forward
car and your car’s back bumper lines
up with the back bumper of the parked
vehicle. Leave approximately two feet
between you and the forward car.
▪ Shift into reverse. While looking over
your right shoulder, back up slowly while
turning the wheel sharply to the right.
▪ When your front bumper passes the
rear bumper of the forward car, turn
the wheel sharply to the left. Keep
backing until parallel to the curb.
▪ Straighten the wheels and slowly pull
forward.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
26
Parking on a Hill
When you park on a downhill grade, turn
your wheels toward the curb and set your
parking brake.
If you park on an uphill grade, turn your
wheels to the left, let your car roll back until
the right front wheel rests against the curb
and stops. Set your parking brake.
If there is no curb, turn the wheels to the
right so that the car will roll away from the
center of the road in the event the brakes fail.
Always set your parking brake.
Downhill - Curb Uphill - Curb Uphill - No Curb
Emergency Parking
If it is necessary to leave your vehicle parked
on a highway or street, follow these rules:
▪ Pull onto the shoulder of the road as
far away from traffic as possible. If
there is a curb, pull your vehicle as
close to the curb as possible.
▪ Set your parking brake, shift into park
or leave the vehicle in gear (for manual
transmission), and turn off the engine.
▪ Set out proper emergency signals.
▪ Stay with your vehicle if possible until
assistance arrives.
▪ Lock your vehicle if you have to leave it.
Prohibited Parking
It is illegal to park:
▪ On a sidewalk
▪ In front of a private or public driveway
▪ Within the boundaries of an intersection
▪ On a crosswalk or within 20 feet of a
crosswalk at an intersection
▪ On any freeway or interstate highway
(except for an emergency)
▪ In any area with signs prohibiting parking
▪ Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant
▪ Within 50 feet of a railroad crossing
▪ On a bridge or within a tunnel
▪ In such a way that you create a hazard
for other vehicles
Freeway Driving
Freeways and interstate highways are
designed to handle higher speed traffic safely.
Entering a Freeway
Traffic entering a freeway must yield rightof-way
to traffic already on the freeway.
Drivers entering the freeway are responsible
for safely merging. Match the speed of your
vehicle to the speed of traffic in the right
lane of the freeway. Signal before you merge.
Check traffic around you. When clear, merge
carefully. Do not cross a solid line or drive
through a gore area. See figure (A) above.
Exiting a Freeway
Be sure to signal before exiting the freeway.
Most freeways have deceleration lanes to
assist you in your exit. Use proper braking to
allow for a smooth exit. Be sure to maintain
adequate space (space cushion) between
your vehicle and the vehicle ahead when
exiting in heavy traffic. Do not cross a solid
line. See figure (B) above.
A divided highway/freeway has separate
roadways for traffic in opposite directions,
often with multiple lanes on each side.
Some highways intersect other roads and
are controlled by traffic signals. Others are
controlled access, which means they have no
signals or intersections; you enter and exit
these highways using ramps. These are called
“expressways” or “freeways” and the points
at which you can enter or exit are known as
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
27
intersections.
Entering and Exiting the Highway
Make sure you are in the proper lane well in
advance so you can safely enter or exit the
highway.
▪ Be sure to signal your exit before you
reach the exit ramp.
▪ Yield the right-of-way to drivers
already on the highway.
▪ As you approach and enter a highway
travel lane, increase your speed to match
that of vehicles already on the road.
▪ If you miss your exit, do not stop.
Never back up on a highway. Get off
the highway at the next exit and look
for signs showing you how to rejoin
the road in the other direction.
Lane Use
The right lane is used for entering and exiting,
and for slow traffic. The left lane is used by
higher-speed traffic.
Avoid the right lane of a freeway during
rush hour. This will leave room for vehicles
entering and exiting.
Be alert for other vehicles attempting to
merge into your lane, and use proper signals
to let other drivers know if you are changing
lanes. Do not exceed the posted speed limits.
Avoid “tailgating” (following the car ahead of
you too closely).
Gore Area
It is against the law to drive over or park in
any part of a gore area. A gore area is the
space between a through roadway and an
entrance or exit ramp. (See figures “A” and
“B” on page 27).
Stopping on the Freeway
If you need assistance, pull over onto the right
shoulder as far as possible. Avoid stopping
your vehicle on or near freeway ramps.
To signal for assistance on the freeway, turn
on your emergency flashers or raise the hood
of the car. To signal after dark, turn on your
inside dome light and/or set out flares or
portable warning signals. Wait for help. Do
not walk along the freeway.
While driving on the freeway, watch for
disabled vehicles. If you approach a disabled
vehicle, reduce your speed, move over, and
proceed around the disabled vehicle with
caution (See page 31 “Move Over AZ”).
Figure B: How to exit a freeway.
Figure A: How to enter a freeway.
TRAFFIC FLOW
OBEY RAMP
SPEED LIMIT SIGNAL AND CAREFULLY
MERGE INTO TRAFFIC
WRONG CORRECT
GORE AREA
A 3-point penalty on
driving record if crossed.
1 ACCELERATE TO 3 FREEWAY SPEED 2
TRAFFIC FLOW
DO NOT SLOW DOWN ON FREEWAY SLOW DOWN IN EXIT LANE
OBEY RAMP
SPEED LIMIT
CORRECT EXIT
WRONG EXIT
GORE AREA
1 2
3
A 3-point penalty on
driving record if crossed.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
28
Freeway Restrictions
High-Occupancy-Vehicle (HOV) Lanes
HOV
HOV lanes are indicated by white diamonds
in the roadway as seen here.
On the freeway, you may not:
▪ Drive a vehicle carrying fewer than
two persons, including the driver, in an
HOV lane at the posted times Monday
through Friday. At those times, the
HOV lanes are restricted to car pool
vehicles, motorcycles, buses or vehicles
displaying alternative fuel or hybrid
license plates (below). A motorist who
violates this restriction is subject to
substantial fines and penalties.
Energy Efficient License Plate
Alternative Fuel License Plate
▪ Always signal and use caution when
merging across the solid white line
into and out of the HOV lane.
Other Freeway Restrictions
Do not:
▪ Drive over or across any median or
divided highway separation.
▪ Make a U-turn.
▪ Change lanes without signaling.
▪ Drive onto the freeway, except at an
on-ramp.
▪ Park or stop on the freeway, except
in specially provided areas (parking
on the shoulder of the freeway is
prohibited, except in case of emergency).
▪ Back up if you miss an exit (you must
go on to the next exit).
Driving on the Highway
▪ Make sure your vehicle is in good
operating condition and can maintain
highway speeds.
▪ Stay to the right and only use the left
lane for passing. If you are traveling
on a highway with three lanes, treat
the far right lane as a slower-speed
through lane and the far left lane as
the passing lane.
▪ Drive in the middle of your lane,
staying between the lines.
▪ Use your rearview mirror and your
directional signals when changing lanes.
Section 3:
ROADWAY AND VEHICLE
KNOWLEDGE
The flow of traffic on our streets and
highways is controlled by various signal
lights, traffic signs and pavement markings.
You must fully understand their meaning in
order to drive safely. There are also various
requirements concerning vehicle equipment
that you should know. This section provides
information about these important basics.
Signal Lights
Signal lights (red, yellow and green) are
placed at many intersections to regulate the
direction and flow of traffic. These traffic
lights apply to pedestrians, bicycle and
moped riders, as well as to motorists. You
must obey the signal lights unless a police
officer is directing traffic to do otherwise.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
29
RED − Red Means Stop!
This signal means STOP. You must
come to a complete stop before
you reach the intersection, stop
line or crosswalk. Remain stopped for as long
as the light stays red. Where not prohibited
by signs, a right turn may be made after
coming to a complete stop, when motor
traffic and pedestrian traffic are clear.
YELLOW − Yellow Means
Caution!
This signal means CAUTION. A
steady yellow light is a warning
that the light is about to turn red. If you have
not entered the intersection, you should
come to a safe stop. If you are already in the
intersection, you should continue moving and
clear it safely. Speeding up to “beat the light”
is illegal and could cause a crash.
GREEN − Green Means Go,
if clear
This signal means GO. You may
go through an intersection in
the direction indicated by the signal if the
roadway is clear. Check left and right for
cross traffic before entering the intersection
to avoid a collision with a red light runner.
Yield to any vehicle that is already in the
intersection when the light changed.
Flashing Red Light
A flashing red light has the same meaning
as a stop sign. You must come to a full stop,
then proceed with caution when the roadway
is clear.
Flashing Yellow Light
A flashing yellow light means you should
slow down and proceed with caution if the
roadway is clear.
Red Arrow
A lighted red arrow means that you may not
turn in the direction of the arrow. You must
stop and wait for the green signal to appear
before turning.
Yellow Arrow
A yellow arrow warns that the light is about
to change to red. If you have not entered
the intersection, you must stop and wait
for a green arrow. If you are already in the
intersection, you should continue your turn
and clear the intersection safely.
Flashing Yellow Arrow
A flashing yellow arrow means you should slow
down and turn with caution if the roadway is
clear. Yield the right-of-way to any oncoming
vehicle or pedestrian before making your turn.
Green Arrow
A green arrow appearing alone or with
another signal light means that you may
proceed in the direction of the arrow, if
you are in the proper lane and the roadway
is clear.
Inoperative Signal Lights
When approaching an intersection with an
inoperative traffic control signal, treat it as
you would a 4-way stop. Come to a complete
stop before entering the intersection and
then proceed when the roadway is clear.
If two vehicles arrive at the intersection at
about the same time, both must stop and the
driver of the vehicle on the left must yield the
right-of-way to the driver on the right.
Rules of the Road
Controlled Intersections
You must obey the traffic signals and signs.
Yield the right-of-way to other vehicles as
directed. Do not assume it is safe to proceed
just because you have the right-of-way. Check
for traffic and pedestrians.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
30
Stop without
pavement markings:
Stop near the
intersecting roadway
where you have a
clear view of
approaching
trac.
Crosswalk without
a stop line:
Stop at the nearest
crosswalk line.
Crosswalk with a
stop line:
Stop at the stop line.
Stop line only:
Stop at the line.
Uncontrolled Intersections
When approaching an intersection with an
inoperative traffic control signal or no traffic
lights, stop signs or yield signs, treat it as you
would a 4-way stop. Come to a complete stop
before entering the intersection and then
proceed when the roadway is clear. If two
vehicles arrive at the intersection at about
the same time, both must stop and the driver
of the vehicle on the left must yield the rightof-way
to the driver on the right.
Vehicle # 1 to your right
has the right-of-way.
1
2
“T” Intersections
At a “T” intersection, the driver on the street
which ends must yield the right-of-way to
vehicles on the cross street.
Vehicle #1 has the right-of-way. 1
2
Right-of-Way
The law requires certain vehicles to yield the
right-of-way to other vehicles. The law does
not actually “give” the right-of-way to any
particular motorist, it just states who must
yield. No one is allowed to take the right-ofway
if taking it means a crash may result.
Pedestrians
You must yield the right-of-way to pedestrians
crossing the street in any marked or unmarked
crosswalk. When the light turns green, you
must still yield to pedestrians and vehicles in
intersections. The law also requires vehicles
to come to a complete stop at any school
crossing when the crosswalk is occupied by
any person. You may not pass another vehicle
that is stopped for a pedestrian, even if you
have a clear lane or a green traffic signal. In the
interest of safety, if you see persons crossing
any street, give them the right-of-way.
Pedestrian Activated Signals
For pedestrian crosswalks with electronic
signals, be mindful of the following indicators:
▪ Flashing Yellow – Pedestrian has
activated signal
▪ Solid Yellow – Prepare to Stop
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
31
▪ Solid Red Lights – STOP. Pedestrian is
in the crosswalk.
▪ Flashing Red Lights – Proceed with
caution if the crosswalk is clear
▪ All Lights Blank – Proceed with
caution if crosswalk is clear
Important Rules for Pedestrians
There may be times when you are the
pedestrian crossing the road. Keep in mind,
in many instances and circumstances, it’s
easier for you to see an approaching vehicle
than it is for the driver of the vehicle to
see you. This is especially true at night, in
low-light conditions such as dusk and dawn
and in inclement weather. Don’t assume an
approaching vehicle sees you and will yield
to you.
▪ Use crosswalks when provided or
cross at an intersection.
▪ Make eye contact with the drivers
of approaching vehicles whenever
possible.
▪ Look before you step into a roadway.
Even at a crosswalk, drivers must be
given time to perceive and react to
you stepping into the roadway.
▪ Avoid distractions, such as using
phones or wearing headphones/
earbuds, while crossing the road.
▪ Cross in a well-lit location at night.
▪ Follow all traffic rules, signs and
signals that may be present where you
are crossing.
Alleys and Driveways
When entering the roadway from an alley
or driveway, you must stop before reaching
the sidewalk. Yield the right-of-way to
pedestrians and approaching vehicles.
Left Turn
When you are preparing to turn left, you
must yield the right-of-way to any oncoming
vehicle, bicycle or pedestrian.
On-coming
vehicle #1 has
the right-of-way.
1
2
U-Turn
U-turns are permitted as long as the
movement can be made safely, does not
interfere with other traffic and is not
prohibited by signs. When making a U-turn,
you must yield to approaching traffic and
make the turn only when it is safe to do so.
Red Light Running
If you receive a citation for running a red
light, or another civil traffic violation,
you may be eligible to attend the Arizona
Supreme Court’s Defensive Driving Program.
Please read the information provided with
your citation carefully for information about
your options.
If you run a red light (or a flashing red light)
and receive a traffic citation, upon conviction
of that violation you will be required to
attend Traffic Survival School. The Motor
Vehicle Division will be notified of your
successful completion of Traffic Survival
School, and no further court appearance is
required.
If you run a red light and cause a crash that
results in life-threatening injuries to another
driver or passenger, you may be fined up
to $500 and your driving privilege may be
suspended for three months. Additionally,
you may be ordered to perform community
service.
If you cause a crash that results in the
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
32
death of another driver or passenger, you
may be fined up to $1,000 and your driving
privilege may be suspended for six months.
Additionally, you may be ordered to perform
community service.
MVD is required by law to order the
completion of Traffic Survival School (TSS)
for every red light conviction reported by the
courts. Points are assessed and will appear
on your driver record. Payment of the fine is
assuming responsibility for the violation and
is reported to MVD as a conviction. Failure to
complete the course results in an indefinite
suspension of your driving privilege.
Emergency Vehicles
Always be alert for emergency vehicles,
especially at intersections. When a police car,
fire engine, ambulance or other emergency
vehicle approaches using a siren, lights or
other warning devices, you must yield the
right-of-way. Move to the right side of the
road and stop until the vehicle has passed.
On a four-lane highway with at least two
lanes proceeding in the same direction as
the approaching vehicle, proceed with due
caution. Yield the right-of-way by making a
lane change into a lane not adjacent to that
of the emergency vehicle. If changing lanes
is not possible or unsafe, proceed with due
caution and reduce the speed of your vehicle.
Following Emergency Vehicles
When an emergency
vehicle, such as police,
fire or ambulance,
with flashing lights
and/or giving an
audible signal
approaches, a driver
shall yield the
right-of-way, move to
the right and stop
their vehicle until the
emergency vehicle has passed. The driver
shall maintain a distance of at least 500 feet
behind a fire department vehicle responding
to an emergency and at least 300 feet behind
a police vehicle responding to an emergency.
Do not drive into or park your vehicle within
the block where the emergency vehicle has
stopped to respond to the emergency.
The “Move Over Law” (ARS 28-775) requires
motorists to move over one lane to create
a safe margin of space when driving by any
vehicle with flashing lights pulled to the
side of a road or highway. If it’s not safe or
possible to move over, motorists must slow
down and use caution. This law pertains to
all vehicles pulled over with flashing lights,
including emergency-response and lawenforcement
vehicles, tow trucks, highway
maintenance vehicles and private vehicles.
It applies to all freeways and other multiple
lane highways, city roads and streets. Learn
more online at MoveOverAZ.org.
Funerals
Drivers must yield the right-of-way to any
vehicle that is part of a funeral procession
being led by a funeral escort vehicle flashing
a red or a blue light.
School Buses and School Zones
When approaching a school bus that is
picking up or dropping off passengers,
you must come to a complete stop before
reaching the bus, regardless of your direction
of travel. A school bus will have alternating
flashing lights and a mechanical stop-sign
arm extended while passengers are entering
or leaving the bus. You must remain stopped
until the school bus moves ahead or until
the stop-sign arm and flashing lights are no
longer shown. Watch for children crossing
the road in front of, or behind the school bus.
You are not required to stop for a school bus
on a divided roadway when traveling in the
opposite direction. A divided roadway is one in
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
33
which the road is separated by physical barriers
such as a fence, curbing or separation of the
pavement. Roadway striping by itself does not
constitute a physical separation of the roadway.
CAUTION: Motorists should exercise
extreme care when in the vicinity of any
stopped school bus, as a child may dart from
the front or the rear of the bus.
The following image is an example of an
undivided roadway. You must stop for any school
bus with flashing lights if its stop-sign arm is out.
Below is an example of a divided roadway and
you may proceed with caution if the school
bus is in approaching lanes but not if it is
stopped in your direction of traffic.
Speed Limits
Vehicle speed is an important part of traffic
safety. You must obey all speed regulations
and be ready to adjust your speed quickly if
necessary.
Elements such as road conditions, traffic
flow and the number of crashes are used
to determine the proper speed limits for
roadways. You must obey all posted limits.
The following speed limits must be observed
when no limit is posted:
▪ 15 mph when approaching a school
crosswalk.
▪ 25 mph in any business or residential
district.
▪ 55 mph on open highways or city
freeways.
▪ 65 mph on designated open highways.
▪ 75 mph on rural freeways.
White speed limit signs with black letters are
regulatory signs and indicate the maximum
speed you can legally go. Orange signs with
black letters indicate recommended safe
speeds due to the curvature or grade of
the road or other special conditions at that
location. Slow down until you are assured of
safely navigating the location.
Special Speed Limit Areas
ROAD
CONSTRUCTION
AHEAD
DETOUR
Adjusting Speed to Conditions
NO
PASSING
ZONE
The speed limits are set for the best driving
conditions. When driving in bad weather, your
speed should be reduced to a level that is
reasonable. Three guidelines are:
▪ When driving on wet roads, reduce
your speed appropriately.
▪ When driving on roads with snow or
ice, reduce your speed appropriately.
▪ When driving in bad weather, double
the following distance from the
vehicle in front of you and reduce
speed appropriately.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
34
Impeding Traffic
Driving too slowly can be as dangerous as
driving too fast. Remember to drive in the
right lane and allow faster moving vehicles to
pass whenever you are driving slower than
traffic around you.
Traffic Signs
Traffic signs regulate traffic and provide
important information.
The shape of a traffic sign can give you as
much information about the meaning of a
sign as the sign’s color or wording. When
visibility is poor, such as in heavy rain, dust
storms, or fog, you may be able to make out
only the shape of a particular sign.
Regulatory Signs
Rectangular
These signs regulate traffic and direct the
driver’s speed and direction.
GO STRAIGHT
OR TURN LEFT
NO “U” TURN NO LEFT TURN NO RIGHT TURN
Octagon
This shape is reserved for stop
signs. You must come to a
complete stop.
Triangle
This shape requires that you
yield the right-of-way to cross
traffic or to merging traffic.
Warning Signs
Diamond
Yellow, diamond-shaped signs warn of a
possible danger ahead.
Pedestrian Crossing
Signal Ahead Two-Way Traffic Bike Crossing
Merge “Y” Intersection Start of
Divided Highway
Low Clearance Slippery When Wet Side Road
Cattle Crossing Crossroad
to Right
Four-Way
Intersection
Crossroad
to Left
Graded Hill End of
Divided Highway
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
35
Pennant
This sign marks the
beginning of a no passing
zone.
Turn, Curve and Winding Road Signs
These signs are used to warn drivers of turns
in the roadway. Below the signs may be small
yellow square signs indicating the safe speed
to drive through the curve.
School Crossing Sign
Permanent five-sided (pentagon shaped)
school crossing signs warn drivers that
children may be crossing any time of the day.
School crossing signs may be yellow. Yellowgreen
signs are being posted by many Arizona
school districts.
Drivers must also obey the portable signs
placed at times in the center of the roadway.
The maximum speed from the first sign to
past the school crossing sign is 15 mph.
When portable signs are not in place, the
normal speed limit for the area applies.
Passing another vehicle in a school crossing
zone is prohibited. There will often be a
crossing guard assisting children crossing
the roadway. Follow the instructions of the
crossing guard, and come to a complete stop
when any person is in the crosswalk.
Railroad Warning Sign
A circle-shaped sign provides a
warning that you are
approaching a railroad crossing.
Railroad Crossing Sign
This sign marks the location of a
railroad crossing. When you
arrive at a railroad crossing, you
must stop no closer than 15 feet
from the nearest railroad track when you
observe any of the following:
▪ Flashing red lights
▪ Lowered crossing barricade
▪ Ringing bells
▪ Flagger warning of an approaching train
Do not cross the tracks until all signals have
stopped and the crossing barricade is up all
the way. Do not drive around or under a
lowered crossing barricade.
In addition to obeying the regulations above,
the following rules will reduce your chances
of becoming another fatality:
▪ Expect a train on any track at any time.
▪ Do not get trapped on a railroad
crossing.
▪ Get out of your vehicle if it stalls on
the tracks.
▪ Look for a second train in the other
direction.
▪ Never race with a train.
▪ Watch for vehicles such as buses and
gasoline tankers, which must stop at
railroad crossings.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
36
▪ When driving at night, be alert for
railroad crossing warning signs that
are not lighted.
Guide
Highway Signs
Interstate Route
Marker
U.S. Route
Marker
State Route
Marker
Mile Posts
MILE
4
0
3
Arizona is one of the few states where all
state highways have mileage markers. These
reference “posts” are set 2 feet off the right
shoulder and are about 1 mile apart.
Mile posts can be used to tell where you
are located if you are involved in a crash, have
mechanical problems, or are out of gas. If you
have to stop, note the route you are on and
the approximate distance from a mile post.
Roadway Construction and
Temporary Work Zones
Work zones are common and are set up for
road construction or maintenance. They
may be planned long term projects with
permanent signs or temporary work areas set
up for just a few hours with portable signs
placed just for that activity. Work zones pose
a unique hazard to drivers and the people
who are there to perform the work. Crashes
that commonly occur in a work zone are
rear end collisions from drivers going too
fast, crashes with fixed objects or vehicles
hitting people working in the area. Always
be on high alert and expect to stop or slow
down suddenly for changing or unexpected
conditions, including changes to the road
surface. Workers and construction vehicles
may be immediately adjacent to the travel
lanes or may enter the travel lanes at any
point in the work zone. Comply with the
speed limit and other warning signs that are
set up for your safety.
Warning Devices and Signs
Alerting and controlling devices are used
in road construction and in maintenance
work areas to direct drivers or pedestrians
safely, as well as to protect the safety of
highway workers. Orange is the basic color
for these devices. You must drive slowly and
be especially alert at all construction sites.
Always obey the posted speed limit.
Fines double in work zones
Speed limits are set for a work zone not
only to protect the drivers passing through,
but also to protect the people who are
performing the work. When signs are posted,
fines for a speed violation are doubled.
FINES DOUBLE
Fines double when traffic violations occur in
work zones on Arizona streets and roadways.
Flaggers
Flaggers are often used in road
work zones to stop, slow or
guide traffic safely through the
area. Flaggers wear orange
vests or jackets and use red
flags or stop/slow panels to
direct traffic through work zones. Remember
to drive carefully through construction areas
to protect workers on the roadway.
Construction and Maintenance Signs
Construction and maintenance signs are used
to notify drivers of possible danger in or near
work areas. Most signs used in highway and
street work areas are diamond-shaped.
Flashing Arrow Panels
Flashing arrow panels are used both day and
night to give advance warning to drivers to
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
37
move to the right or left into another lane.
Slow down and prepare to merge in the
direction of the arrow.
Electronic Signs
Electronic message signs are used on some
roadways to give you advance warning of
construction zones, special traffic directions,
road closures or even weather conditions.
Cones, Drums, and Barricades
These devices are used to alert you and to
guide you safely through the work area. At
night, they may be equipped with warning
lights. You must slow down when you drive
through these areas.
Pavement Markings
Pavement markings are used to guide and
warn drivers, as well as to regulate traffic.
Markings may be either yellow or white and
can appear in combinations. Each combination
has a different meaning. Yellow center lines
indicate that there is two-way traffic, flowing
in both directions. White lines are used
to separate lanes of traffic moving in the
same direction and to mark the edge of the
roadway, stop lines and pedestrian crosswalks.
Broken Yellow Lines
Broken yellow lines separate lanes or
traffic going in opposite directions
and indicates that passing on the left
is permitted when the roadway is
clear. Since you are facing oncoming
traffic, overtaking and passing must be done
with extreme caution.
Solid and Broken Yellow Lines
A broken yellow line alongside a
solid yellow line indicates that
passing is permitted only in one
direction. If the broken yellow line
is on your side, you may pass
when the roadway ahead is clear. If the solid
yellow line is on your side, you may not pass.
Double Yellow Lines
Double solid yellow lines mean
that passing is not allowed in either
direction. You may not cross the
lines unless you are turning left.
Broken White Lines
Broken white lines separate lanes of
traffic going in the same direction.
These lines may be crossed with
caution. (Remember to signal your
intention to change lanes).
Solid White Lines
Solid white lines are used for turn
lanes and to prevent lane changes
near intersections. Sometimes these
lanes have arrows as seen below.
Turn Lane Arrow
If you are traveling in a lane
marked with a curved arrow and
the word ONLY, you must turn in
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
38
the direction of the arrow. If your lane is
marked with both a curved and a straight
arrow, you may turn in the direction of the
arrow or you may go straight.
Bicycle
Bicycle Warning Bike Lane
A bicycle painted on the road indicates the
potential presence of bicyclists. Drivers
should exercise caution.
Painted Curbs
A painted curb means that you must follow
special rules to park there. The colors on the
curbs mean:
White
You may stop only long
enough to pick up or drop
off passengers.
Yellow
You may stop only long
enough to load or unload.
Stay with your car.
Red
You may not stop, stand or
park.
One-Way Streets
If you will be traveling on a one-way street
for several blocks, it is best to stay in the
center lane. The left and right lanes will be
used by turning vehicles.
Use of Lanes
White Lane Lines
White lane lines separate lanes of traffic
moving in the same direction. Single white
lines may also mark the right edge of the
pavement.
Broken White Lines
A broken white line separates two lanes
traveling in the same direction. Once you
have signaled, and if it is safe to do so, you
may cross this line when changing lanes.
Solid White Line
A solid white line marks the right edge of
the roadway and separates lanes of traffic
moving in the same direction. Only cross the
solid line on the right edge of the roadway in
case of emergency or to avoid a road hazard.
Vehicles may cross a solid white line when
merging into and out of the High Occupancy
(HOV) lane.
Double Solid White Line
A double solid white line separates two
lanes of traffic going in the same direction.
Crossing a double solid white line is
prohibited.
Yellow Lane Lines
Yellow lane lines separate lanes of traffic moving
in opposite directions. Single yellow lines may
also mark the left edge of the pavement on
divided highways and one-way streets.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
39
Reversible Lanes
Some travel lanes are designed to carry
traffic in one direction at certain times and in
the opposite direction at other times. These
lanes are usually marked by double-dashed
yellow lines. Before you start driving in them,
check to see which lanes you can use at that
time. There may be signs posted by the side
of the road or overhead.
Turning
Rules for turning apply at
all locations, even
driveways and alleys, not
just at intersections.
Signal, reduce your
speed and turn smoothly
when safe to do so. As
you turn, make sure to
check for pedestrians, mopeds and bicycles.
In some areas, turns may be made from more
than one lane. If this is allowed, signs and
pavement markings will direct you. At some
locations, turns may be prohibited by signs.
Right Turns
As you prepare to turn right, stay close to the
right curb or edge of the road. Do not swing
wide before or while turning.
Right on Red
When turning right at a red light, you must
first stop completely before reaching the
marked or unmarked crosswalk. Look for “No
Turn On Red” signs.
Always yield the right-of-way to pedestrians,
bicyclists and, oncoming traffic. Unless signs
direct you otherwise, turn into the right lane
of the road you enter.
Left Turns
On a two-way road, approach the turn with
your car in the lane just to the right of the
center line. Turn just to the left of the center
point of the intersection. Enter the lane just
to the right of the center line. This avoids
conflict with other traffic making either right
or left turns.
If a special lane for making left turns has
been signed or marked, use that lane – do
not turn left from any other lane.
Left Turn — One-Way Road To
One-Way Road
Approach with your car
in the traffic lane
nearest the left curb.
Turn without swinging
wide. Bring your car into
the extreme left traffic
lane on the road you are
entering. This is the only left turn situation
where, unless signs prohibit it, you may make
the turn against a red light after stopping and
yielding to traffic and pedestrians.
Left Turn — Two-Way Road To
One-Way Road
Approach the turn in the
traffic lane just to the
right of the center line. As
you enter the intersection,
turn into the extreme left
lane of the road you are
entering. (A right turn in
the pattern also is shown).
Left Turn — One-Way Road To
Two-Way Road
Approach the
intersection in the traffic
lane closest to the left
curb. Turn into the lane
just to the right of the
center line. Do not move
to the right lane without
checking traffic to your right and signaling for
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
40
a lane change. This turn cannot be made
against a red light.
Left Turn — Two-Way Left Turn Lane
Many two-way streets have a center lane
marked as a two-way left turn lane. This lane
is bordered on either side by two yellow
lines – the inner line is broken, the outer line
is solid. This lane is only for use of vehicles
turning left in either direction. This lane
provides a safe area to slow before a left turn
off of the street, or to drive into when turning
left from a side street or driveway.
Drivers should follow these rules:
▪ Signal before entering the lane.
▪ Move completely into the lane.
▪ Be alert for others using the lane.
▪ Do not use the two-way left turn lane for
passing, for thru traffic or to accelerate in
order to merge with thru traffic.
METRO Light Rail
METRO light rail vehicles are operating on
Valley streets in Maricopa County.
Vehicle traffic flows alongside light rail vehicles.
Learn and follow the rules of light rail safety:
METRO Safety By Design
▪ Improved pedestrian signals
Improvements include countdown
signals, new walkways and landscaping
to reduce jaywalking. Special attention
has been given to safety in school
zones with the installation of new
signals at some crossings.
▪ Protected turn lanes
Automobiles may turn across the
METRO tracks only from designated
turn lanes controlled by traffic signals.
▪ Train-only track-way
METRO travels in its own track-way,
separated from traffic by six-inch
curbs. Auto traffic may cross only
at controlled locations, and special
traffic signals and warning signs
activate when trains approach.
▪ Station design
Stations are designed to discourage
jaywalking. Each station has two
access points, reachable by signalized
crosswalk. Station platforms and vehicle
floors are the same height, providing
passengers with a no-step entry.
▪ Signals at frontage roads
Frontage roads near the tracks are
controlled with traffic signals and are
designed to handle large trucks and
emergency vehicles.
▪ Vehicle design
Cameras inside and outside allow
METRO operators to ensure that
passengers clear the doors while
boarding and deboarding. Doors
must close before the vehicle can
move. Smooth stops mean that no
wheelchair tie downs are needed.
▪ Light rail coupler design
To minimize injuries in the event of a
crash, the couplers that connect light
rail vehicles are covered in an energy
absorbing material.
Train Approaching Sign
These electronic signs are
posted at all METRO light
rail intersections and flash
when a train is approaching
the intersection.

Combined U-Turn and Left Turn Sign
U-turns are permitted at
almost all of the light rail
intersections in the 20-mile
METRO system to allow
vehicles to cross the tracks.
Left turns and U-turns are
controlled with traffic signals.
Driving and Bike Riding
▪ Never stop or park your car or bike on
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
41
light rail tracks.
▪ Stop on red. A red arrow means “Do
Not Turn.”
▪ Look both ways before crossing the
tracks by car or bike.
▪ Never drive your car or ride a bike in
the area in which the train operates.
▪ Light rail trains are quiet. Pay
attention near the tracks: look for
flashing train headlights and listen for
warning bells and horns.
▪ The ends of a light rail train are
identical. White headlights show a
train approaching, red taillights show
it moving away.
Walking
▪ Don’t walk on or stand near the tracks.
▪ Cross only at crosswalks and obey the
crosswalk signs.
▪ Be alert near the tracks: light rail is
quiet. Look for flashing train headlights
and listen for warning bells and horns.
▪ Adults should hold the hands of
small children near the tracks and on
station platforms.
Kids: Be Smart, Be Safe
▪ Stop, look and listen around light rail
tracks.
▪ Cross intersections only in a crosswalk
and obey the crosswalk signs. At
crosswalks, get off bikes and skateboards
and walk them through the crosswalk.
▪ Never play near the tracks, and don’t
climb trees or fly kites or airplane
models near the overhead power lines.
▪ Skateboarding, rollerblading and
riding bikes on the tracks or on light
rail platforms is not safe and is not
permitted.
To learn more about METRO light rail safety,
please visit valleymetro.org/safety.
Section 4:
SHARING THE ROAD WITH
OTHER VEHICLES
Sharing the Road with a Bicyclist
Bicyclists must obey the same traffic laws as
drivers of vehicles, and they have the right-ofway
under the same conditions as motorists.
Motorists should be alert for bicyclists along
the roadway because bicyclists are often
difficult to see. Extra caution is necessary.
Motorists are required to allow a minimum
safe distance of 3 feet when passing a
bicyclist traveling in the same direction. It is
not safe for motorists to honk their horn at
bicyclists when passing, as this may startle
them and cause them to crash.
Bicycle Warning Bike Lane
At night, dim your headlights to be courteous
to bicyclists.
Drivers should be prepared for a bicyclist
swerving. Although bicyclists must ride with
the flow of traffic and stay near the right side
of the road, they can legally move left for
several reasons, such as:
▪ Turning left.
▪ Avoiding hazards.
▪ Passing pedestrians or vehicles.
▪ If the lane in which the person is
operating a bicycle is too narrow for
a bicycle and motor vehicle to travel
safely side-by-side.
Important rules for bicyclists:
▪ Ride in the same direction as traffic.
▪ Do not carry more persons than the
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
42
design of the bicycle permits.
▪ Do not ride more than two side-by-side.
▪ Ride as near to the right side of the
road as practicable.
▪ Use proper hand signals.
▪ Do not bicycle under the influence of
drugs or alcohol – it is illegal.
▪ When riding at night, have a white
head lamp visible from 500 feet, and
a rear reflector. You can improve your
visibility to drivers with a flashing red
beacon on the rear of your bicycle.
Sharing the Road With a
Motorcycle
Motorcyclists are more vulnerable to injury
than a car driver if involved in a crash.
Most car/motorcycle crashes are the result
of a car turning in front of a motorcycle,
usually because the driver did not see the
motorcycle or misjudged how close it was
and how fast it was traveling. Watch for the
unexpected and give the motorcycle its share
of the road.
Size
The smaller size of a motorcycle may make it
hard to spot in traffic, and it may appear to
be farther away and traveling slower than it
actually is. Because it is difficult to judge the
distance and speed, drivers need to pay close
attention and take extra care. Always watch
for motorcycles.
Lane Position
Because of the motorcycle’s size, its position
within a lane will change as traffic conditions
change. Often, this means riding in the left
side of the lane to allow a better view of
traffic and road conditions. However, as
conditions change, the rider may move to
the center or to the right side of the lane.
These sideways movements sometimes
occur suddenly to avoid hazards. Motorists
need to be alert and drive accordingly. You
must never attempt to share the lane with
a motorcycle. The motorcyclist is entitled to
the entire lane.
Intersections
Intersections are at risk for car/motorcycle
collisions, which are usually the result of a
driver turning into the motorcycle’s path. Do
not assume the rider’s intentions. A rider will
move to one side not only to prepare for a
turn, but also to avoid a hazard or to improve
visibility. Always watch for motorcycles and
be aware that one may unexpectedly come
into your lane.
Motorcycle turn signals do not automatically
shut off, and riders may forget to cancel
them after a turn is completed. Make sure
you know what the rider is doing before you
move into the motorcycle’s path.
Passing
Motorcycles are allowed the full width of a
lane in which to maneuver. Never crowd into
the same lane as a motorcycle. Returning to
the original lane too soon can force the rider
to swerve into traffic or off the road.
Sharing the Road With a Truck
Trucks are important to the Arizona economy,
transporting products that are critical to our
livelihoods. However, as a motorist, sharing
the road with large trucks can make you feel
very uncomfortable unless you learn how
to share the road safely with large vehicles.
Here are five ways to safely share the road
with trucks:
▪ Don’t cut in front of trucks. It takes
trucks twice as long to stop. If you
move into that space and have to brake
suddenly, you cut the truck’s available
stopping distance in half, placing you
and your passengers in danger.
▪ Watch out for the blind spots, or the
“No-Zone”, around large trucks and
buses. Trucks have large blind spots
around the front and back sides of the
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
43
vehicle. Be safe and don’t hang out in
the “No-Zone”.
▪ Follow trucks at a safe distance.
Trucks are almost as wide as some
lanes of travel. If you follow too
closely behind, you won’t be able
to react quickly enough to changing
traffic conditions.
▪ Pay close attention to truck turn
signals. Trucks make wide right turns
and sometimes must leave an open
space to the right just before the turn.
To avoid a collision, do not pass a truck
on the right if there is any possibility
that it might make a right turn.
▪ If you break down, pull off the
highway as far as you can. If a parked
vehicle on a highway shoulder is
struck by a moving vehicle, the
damage suffered by the parked car
is more severe. When the moving
vehicle is a truck weighing as much as
25 cars, the result could be tragic.
Each of us must do our part to share the road
to arrive safely at our destination.
Slow Moving Vehicles
Farm machinery and other slow-moving
vehicles can be particularly hazardous. Be
sure to maintain a safe following distance
that provides an adequate field of vision.
Farm machinery usually travels at 25mph or
less, may take up more than one lane of the
road, and may not have signals. To make a
wide turn, operators or farm machinery may
first pull to the left, then turn to the right.
When you see this symbol
on the back of a vehicle
ahead, it is a warning to slow
down. The vehicle with the
sign cannot travel faster than
25 mph.
Do not become impatient if you find yourself
behind one of these slow vehicles. It has the
legal right to be there.
Truck hauling an oversize load.
Section 5
ACTIVELY AVOIDING CRASHES
Braking and Stopping
It takes long distances to come to a safe,
complete stop. Braking distance is directly
related to:
▪ Speed of the vehicle.
▪ Driver perception time (length of
time it takes to see and recognize a
dangerous situation – the average is
0.75 seconds).
▪ Driver reaction time (time from
perception of danger to start of
braking – the average is 0.75 seconds).
▪ Type and condition of the pavement.
▪ Type and condition of the tires.
▪ Vehicle weight, including when loaded
or towing.
▪ Type and condition of the brakes.
The distance required to stop your vehicle
is important in helping you choose a safe
driving speed. It takes an average of 1.5
seconds for a person to perceive a threat in
the roadway and react to that threat. This
chart can be used as a guide, but your actual
stopping distance will depend upon many of
the factors listed above.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
44
Stopping distances are based on tests
made by the Federal Highway
Administration with a driver reaction
time of 3/4 second.
Average stopping distance of cars on dry and level pavement.
20 22/25
55/188
66/300
74/455
50 150 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
30
40
50
60
70
Stopping Distance (Feet)
Speed (MPH)
When vehicles ahead do something
unexpectedly, you will need time to react. You
need to keep enough following distance
between you and the vehicles ahead to avoid a
crash if the traffic stops suddenly. Allow at least
a 3-second following distance for most driving
situations (see page 26 , “Space Cushion”).
There will be situations where a longer (3 to 6
seconds) following distance will be required:
▪ When driving on slippery roads, you
should double your following distance
to 6 seconds or more to allow for the
extra distance needed to adjust your
speed or to stop.
▪ When the driver behind you wishes to
pass, reducing your speed will allow
that driver to pass more quickly. The
added distance will make it easier
for the passing motorist to pull back
into the lane.
When you are following a large vehicle, such
as a tractor-trailer, that blocks your field of
vision of the road ahead, you will need extra
distance to see around the vehicle.
Driving The Open Road
Driving on empty rural highways can be just
as dangerous as driving in heavy city traffic.
Animals in the road, slow-moving farm
equipment just over the crest of a hill or a
low spot covered with water are not unusual
hazards in rural driving. Stay alert, watch
for warning signs, and slow down when
approaching curves or hills that block your
view of the roadway ahead.
Weather Conditions
Driving becomes more difficult when your
ability to see is reduced by bad weather or
when the road surface is covered with rain,
snow, or ice. Reduced visibility and traction
problems often occur at the same time.
Remember that changes in road and weather
conditions will reduce your time to react and
that those conditions will affect the way your
car handles. You must be ready to respond.
The first rule is to slow down to make up for
reduced visibility and reaction time.
Sun Glare
Bright sunlight in the early morning or late
afternoon creates a glare when driving into
the sun. Glare can be reduced by wearing
sunglasses, keeping windows clean and using
sun visors. If the sun is behind you, oncoming
drivers may have the glare problem. They may
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
45
not be able to see your signals or your car.
Wind
Strong winds, especially crosswinds, can
make it more difficult for you to control your
vehicle. Wind is very dangerous if you are
driving a camper or large recreational vehicle,
or if you are towing a trailer. Lightweight
vehicles are also more difficult to control in
strong winds.
To gain more control over your vehicle in a
strong wind, slow down. If you are approaching
an open space after driving in a protected area,
be alert for crosswinds that will push you to the
side or middle of the road. If you are pulling a
trailer, the wind may cause your vehicle to sway.
Be ready to make necessary steering corrections.
When you meet large trucks or buses, you
may also have to make steering corrections
because of the gusts of wind these vehicles
create. If you are pulling a trailer, wind
currents can cause your vehicle to jackknife.
When a truck or bus is passing you on the
left, move as far as possible to the right of
your lane and slow down. As the vehicle
passes, accelerate slowly to keep the trailer
pulling in a straight path.
If you are driving into a strong head wind, you
may need to accelerate more, and steering
will be more difficult. A tailwind will increase
your speed, so you will have to decelerate
and begin braking earlier to stop.
Dust Storms
Pull Aside, Stay Alive!
Dust storms are common in Arizona and can,
at times, reduce a driver’s visibility to zero.
If you encounter a dust storm, immediately
check traffic around your vehicle and begin
slowing down. Do not wait until poor visibility
makes it difficult to safely pull off the
roadway – do it as soon as possible.
If you encounter a severe dust storm:
▪ Reduce your speed immediately.
▪ Drive completely off the highway.
▪ Stop as far to the right as possible.
▪ Do not stop in the travel lane or in the
emergency lane.
▪ Turn off your lights and take your foot
off the brake.
▪ Stay in the vehicle with your seat belts
buckled.
▪ Wait until the dust storm has passed.
Rain
Driving in heavy rain can be hazardous,
especially if you also encounter gusty wind
conditions, such as in a thunderstorm.
Vehicles to the rear and in blind spots are
especially difficult to see. Wait a short time
after the rain begins before using your
wipers. The blades may cause smearing if
you have a dirty windshield. You should slow
down to increase the distance between your
vehicle and the vehicle ahead to at least
6 seconds. Be extra careful during the 30
minutes after rain begins; grime and oil on
the road surface mix with water and make
the road slippery.
Hydroplaning may occur during rainstorms.
In a heavy rain, your tires can ride on a film
of water, and at 50 mph your tires can lose all
contact with the road. Under-inflated, worn,
or bald tires lose contact with the road at
much lower speeds.
The best way to prevent hydroplaning is to
slow down. If your car does hydroplane:
▪ Take your foot off the accelerator.
▪ Do not brake.
▪ Avoid steering changes (if possible).
▪ Hold the wheel firmly until your tires
grip the road again.
Heavy rain frequently causes “flash floods” in
Arizona washes. Do not cross flooded washes.
Water can stall your engine, hide potholes
and can carry your vehicle downstream.
Estimate the depth of the water by looking at
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
46
parked cars or other objects along the road;
watch what other vehicles are doing. Two
vehicles should not meet in deep water; one
should go entirely through before another
starts from the other direction. This reduces
the possibility of stalling caused by waves of
water. You may be charged for emergency
response expenses if you or your vehicle
needs to be removed from a flooded road.
Driving through water must be done at a slow
and steady speed. Applying the brakes gently
with your left foot may help keep them dry.
Check your brakes after leaving the water to
see if they will stop the car. If the brakes are
wet, they may suddenly grab or pull to one
side. Dry them by accelerating slowly while
gently holding down the brake pedal.
Liability for Emergency Responses in
Flood Areas
A driver of a vehicle who drives around
barricades set up due to flooding is liable for
the expenses of any emergency response
that is required to remove the driver or
any passenger in the vehicle that becomes
inoperable on a public street or highway.
“Expenses of an emergency response”
means reasonable costs directly incurred
by agencies that make an appropriate
emergency response to an incident.
Fog
Fog reflects light and can reflect your own
headlights into your eyes. When driving in
fog, use low beams only and look for road
edge markings to guide you. Even light fog
reduces visibility and your ability to judge
distance, so it is very important to slow down.
Since conditions may change from moment
to moment as you pass through areas of even
thicker fog, you should adjust your speed
and be prepared for emergency maneuvers.
If necessary, pull off the road and turn your
headlights off, then stay there until the fog lifts.
Snow and Ice
Snow limits visibility, so turning on your
headlights is necessary to see and to be
seen. Often, snow will completely cover lane
markings. Drivers may tend to move away
from the edge of the road, thus passing closer
to each other. Snow or ice between your tires
and the road greatly reduces your traction and
increases the distance you need to stop by at
least 6 seconds. On slippery surfaces, you have
the most traction and control when the front
tires are rolling; therefore, your vehicle will
respond better to steering than to braking.
If you decide to brake on ice or other slippery
surfaces, apply the brakes gently, increasing
the pressure as you feel the tires grip the road.
Do not brake to the point that the wheels lock.
If the wheels should lock, ease slightly off the
brakes, but do not release them completely.
This action may unlock them without losing
brake power entirely. Then apply the brakes
and ease off again, repeating the process.
Additional suggestions for safe winter driving:
▪ Drive with caution
▪ Do not change speed or direction
suddenly.
▪ Clear snow or ice from all window
and lights so you can see and be seen,
before you start driving.
▪ Equip your car with snow tires or
chains to help prevent skidding and
reduce stopping distances.
▪ Slow down before stopping or turning
(driving on packed snow is much like
driving on ice).
▪ Watch for ice on bridges and in shady
areas (bridge surfaces freeze before
other road surfaces).
Headlight Use
Low Visibility Conditions
When there is sun glare, rain, dust or any
other condition where your vehicle may not
be clearly visible to other drivers, turn on
your headlights on low beam. Your headlights
significantly improve your chances of being
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
47
seen and help other drivers avoid a collision
with you. On rural roads, your headlights help
drivers who may consider passing in your lane
see that you are approaching.
Night Driving
Reduced visibility, glare from oncoming
headlights, and unseen objects in the road all
combine to make night driving hazardous. In
the late afternoon, as soon as the light begins
to fade, turn on your headlights – not parking
lights – to make your vehicle more visible to
others. You must use headlights from sunset
to sunrise, but be aware that other driver
may not have turned on their headlights.
Headlights are a poor substitute for daylight.
Never drive so fast that you cannot stop within
the distance you can see ahead with your lights.
Use low beams when driving on city or town
streets. Use high beams on highways when
no other vehicle is coming toward you within
500 feet. Switch to low beams whenever you
meet oncoming traffic to avoid blinding the
other driver. When following another car, use
low beams whenever you are within 200 feet.
If the high beams of an oncoming car are
not dimmed, avoid looking directly at the
bright lights. Glance toward the right side of
the road, then look ahead to determine the
position of the other vehicle. Keep doing this
until you have passed the other vehicle.
Do not become a victim of “Highway
Hypnosis” or “White Line Fever” (a trancelike
state that can occur during a long period
of highway driving). Any time you become
tired when traveling, pull over and rest. Use
the radio and fresh air to ward off highway
hypnosis. Stop every hour to walk and
exercise. This will help keep you alert.
Wrong-Way Driver
Awareness Tips
How to Drive at Night
▪ No matter the time of day, drivers
should drive defensively. That means
being constantly aware of driving
conditions, your surroundings and
anticipating dangers so you can take
evasive action if you encounter a
hazard, such as a wrong-way driver.
▪ Don’t tailgate. Leave enough space so
if the vehicle in front of you makes a
sudden lane change to avoid a wrongway
driver, you’ll have time to react, too.
▪ Be aware of your surroundings. While
wrong-way drivers are usually in the left
or HOV lane, they enter highways from
the right via off-ramps. Because they are
often impaired, their movements are
unpredictable.
What to Do if You Encounter a WrongWay
Driver
▪ If you’re on a divided highway – like
I-17, SR 51, US 60 or any freeway in
Phoenix and all interstates – and you
see a vehicle coming toward you, slow
down by easing your foot off the gas.
▪ Make sure there’s no vehicle next to
you and steer away from the wrongway
driver.
▪ Get to a safe place, call 911 and report
the wrong-way driver.
What to Do if You See a Message
on an Overhead Sign Warning of a
Wrong-Way Driver
▪ When ADOT is alerted to a possible
wrong-way driver, overhead messages
boards on that stretch of freeway
will display the message, “ALERT,
WRONG-WAY DRIVER AHEAD.”
▪ If you see that message, safely move
toward the nearest highway exit as
soon as possible.
What You Can Do Right Now
▪ Have a plan in mind, so if you
encounter a wrong-way driver you
will not waste a moment to take
emergency evasive action that could
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
48
save your life. Never drive distracted
or impaired.
▪ And never let an impaired driver
get behind the wheel. Most wrongway
crashes are caused by impaired
drivers. It’s up to all of us to keep
impaired drivers off our roads.
Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs
Drinking and Driving
Alcohol, drugs and driving do not mix. A
driver who drinks and/or uses drugs can
cause crashes, injuries and death.
Driving is a serious business that requires
the ultimate in skill and judgment – both of
which are diminished through consumption
of alcohol or use of drugs.
Alcohol or use of drugs seriously reduces your
reflexes, physical control over the vehicle and
ability to recognize dangerous situations.
These combined physical effects make an
impaired driver a dangerous driver. Even when
you may not appear or feel impaired, alcohol
and/or the use of drugs produces a false sense
of confidence in your driving ability.
Open Container
It is illegal for a driver or passenger to
consume or possess an open container
of spirituous liquor in the passenger
compartment of a motor vehicle while
on any public highway or right-of-way.
Passengers riding in a bus, limousine, taxi or
the living area of a motor home are exempt.
Passenger compartment includes any unlocked
compartments or portable devices within reach
of the driver or passenger. It does not include
the trunk or the area behind the last upright
seat of a vehicle not equipped with a trunk.
DO NOT DRINK
AND DRIVE!
Under 21 = ZERO Tolerance
License Suspension for Providing
Alcohol to Minors
Upon convicting a person of knowingly
purchasing for or providing spirituous liquor
to a minor, the court may direct MVD to
suspend the person’s driver license (driving
privilege) as follows:
▪ First conviction – a period of not
more than 30 days.
▪ Second or subsequent conviction
– a period of not more than six (6)
months.
Youthful drivers are substantially over
represented in motor vehicle crashes, as
compared to all other age groups. Alcohol
involvement in vehicle crashes reaches its
highest rate for those between the ages of
21 and 34. Further survey data indicates that
adults between the ages of 21 and 29 are
the most likely to drive after they have been
drinking.
The consequences of driving under the
influence are getting tougher. Driving while
impaired is a crime.
The best way to avoid death, injury, penalties
and jail time is to practice Zero-Tolerance…
No Alcohol. If you are under 21, any trace
of alcohol, illegal drugs or drugs that impair
your ability to drive safely will result in
stiff penalties, and your license will be
suspended for 2 years. Remember that being
under the legal limit of 0.08 blood alcohol
concentration (BAC) does not mean that it is
legal or safe for you to drive. Studies prove
that alcohol impairs a person’s ability to drive
at levels substantially below 0.08 BAC.
Road Rage and Aggressive
Driving
You may be cited for aggressive driving if
you commit a series of acts during a single,
continuous period of driving that presents
an immediate hazard to another person or
vehicle, exceed the posted speed limit and
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
49
commit two of the following violations:
▪ Failure to obey traffic control signs or
signals.
▪ Passing another vehicle on the right side.
▪ Unsafe lane change.
▪ Following too close.
▪ Failure to yield to emergency vehicles.
The penalties for aggressive driving are:
▪ First offense — You will be required
to attend a Traffic Survival School
course and your license may be
suspended for 30 days.
▪ Second and subsequent offenses —If
you commit a second offense within
24 months, you are guilty of a Class 1
misdemeanor and your license will be
revoked for 12 months.
Emotions
You cannot drive well if you are angry, excited,
worried or depressed. Anger is the emotion
that probably occurs most often while driving,
especially in heavy traffic. Do not allow your
emotions to influence the decisions you must
make while driving. It is best to wait until you
are calm before driving. Distracted driving
may cause accidents, injury, or death.
Physical Fitness
Health
Your physical, mental and emotional
conditions are more important than any
other potential problems you will face on
the road. Even a simple headache or cold
could affect your ability to drive safely. Be as
objective as possible about your fitness to
drive. Postpone your trip or have someone
else drive if you are ill.
Medical Restrictions
Any condition that could affect the ability
to drive safely must be reported to MVD. A
person who has had a seizure within 90 days
of applying for a driver license is required
to report that medical condition to MVD. A
person who already has a driver license and
who has a seizure or other medical condition
is required to cease driving, notify MVD
and have a medical exam. The physician will
submit results to MVD.
Drowsy Driving/Fatigue
If you find yourself feeling sleepy while
driving, it is already past the time to get off
the road. Fatigue dulls the mind and reduces
your ability to act quickly and correctly. Five
groups of drivers have been identified as
at risk for crashes due to sleepiness: shift
workers, business travelers, commercial
drivers, those with sleep disorders and young
people. Drowsy driving/fatigue is an issue
as serious and perilous as driving under the
influence of alcohol, but not as detectable.
Rest is the only safe remedy. To avoid fatigue,
follow these guidelines:
▪ Get plenty of rest before you start on
a long trip.
▪ Avoid driving late at night.
▪ Take frequent rest stops, get out of
the vehicle and exercise, breathe
deeply and move around.
▪ Do not stare straight ahead, keep your
eyes moving, and check your mirrors
and dash gauges.
▪ Roll down the windows to get fresh air,
sing along with the radio, or chew gum.
▪ If possible, change drivers frequently.
Driver Improvement
Along with your Arizona driver license
comes the obligation to drive responsibly.
“Driver Improvement” refers to the process
of identifying those who are not driving
responsibly and either correcting their behavior
or removing their privilege to drive in Arizona.
License Revocation
Revocation is the removal of your privilege to
drive. It is required by law, upon conviction of
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
50
certain driving offenses. Once your revocation
period has ended, your driving privilege
will remain revoked until an investigation is
completed. The investigation is to determine
that all withdrawal actions have ended,
and the all statutory requirements are met.
You will be required to pay the appropriate
application fee and a $20 reinstatement fee,
and you may be required to file a Certificate
of Insurance (commonly known as an SR-22). A
written vision and road test may be required.
Your driving privilege will be revoked for, but
not limited to:
▪ Any homicide or aggravated assault
involving use of a vehicle.
▪ Any felony in which a vehicle is used.
▪ Perjury relating to the ownership or
operation of a vehicle.
▪ Failure to stop and render aid at the
site, if you are involved in a traffic crash.
▪ Aggravated DUI (Driving while Under
the Influence of alcohol or drugs).
▪ Causing death or serious physical
injury by use of a vehicle.
Your driving privilege will be revoked for two
or more convictions for:
▪ DUI.
▪ Reckless driving.
▪ Racing on the highways.
In addition, your driving privilege may also be
revoked:
▪ For failure to take and pass a required
driving retest.
▪ If you are determined to be medically,
psychologically or physically incapable
of operating a motor vehicle.
▪ If continued operation of a motor
vehicle would endanger the public
health, safety or welfare.
Vehicle Impound
A vehicle shall be impounded or immobilized
when any of the following apply:
▪ The person’s driving privilege is
suspended or revoked for any reason.
▪ The person has never been issued a
valid driver license or permit and the
person does not provide an out-ofstate
driver license.
▪ The person is subject to an ignition
interlock device requirement and is
operating a vehicle without a functioning
certified ignition interlock device.
▪ The person is not in compliance with
Arizona’s financial responsibility
requirements, and;
▪ The person is driving a vehicle that
is involved in a crash that results in
either property damage or injury to or
death of another person.
Suspension and Traffic School
Suspension is the temporary removal of
your driving privilege. It is an action that
may be taken after a review of your driving
record or when mandated/required by law. The
suspension remains in effect until application
for reinstatement is made. In addition to the
reinstatement fee, you must pay the appropriate
license application fee for your age group.
Each time you are convicted or forfeit bail for
a moving traffic violation, points are assessed
against your permanent driving record. If
you accumulate 8 or more points within any
12-month period, you are required to attend
Traffic Survival School (TSS), or your driving
privilege may be suspended.
Violation points are assessed as follows:
DUI 8
Extreme DUI 8
Reckless driving 8
Racing on highways 8
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
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Aggressive driving 8
Aggravated DUI 8
Leaving the scene of a crash 6
Failure to stop for a traffic signal, stop
sign or to yield the right-of-way causing
death
6
Failure to stop for a traffic signal, stop
sign or to yield the right-of-way causing
serious injury
4
Speeding 3
Driving over or parking in a gore area 3
Wrong-way driving 2
All other moving violations 2
MVD may suspend or revoke your driving
privilege or require you to attend and
successfully complete an approved Traffic
Survival School (TSS) if you:
▪ Have been convicted of running a
red light (or flashing red light). TSS is
mandatory in addition to paying all
court fines/fees.
▪ Have been convicted of frequent
serious offenses for violations of
traffic laws and a disregard for the
safety of others.
▪ Have been convicted of reckless
driving or are a repeat reckless or
negligent driver.
▪ Have committed or permitted an
unlawful or fraudulent use of your
driver license.
▪ Have been convicted of driving a motor
vehicle while under the influence of
alcohol, drugs, or toxic vapors.
▪ Have been arrested for refusal to take
or successfully complete a chemical
test (alcohol/drug content). The
penalty for refusal or unsuccessful
completion is a 12-month suspension
of your driver license, or 2 years for a
second or subsequent refusal within a
7-year period.
▪ Have an unresolved judgment from
another state.
▪ Have committed an offense for which
mandatory revocation of the driving
privilege is required upon conviction.
▪ Are under 21 and have been convicted
of receiving, consuming or possessing
alcohol.
▪ Are under 21 and have been convicted
of any illegal drug violation.
▪ Are medically unsafe to drive a motor
vehicle.
▪ Have been convicted as a driver in a
crash, resulting in death or personal
injury or serious property damage.
▪ Have been convicted of violating a
driver license restriction.
▪ Have failed to comply with a certified
Ignition Interlock Device order.
▪ Are under 18 and have been convicted
of your first moving civil traffic violation
or certain criminal traffic offenses.
▪ Have been convicted of wrongway
driving on a controlled-access
highway.
Following the suspension or revocation
period of your license, you must pay the
appropriate application fee to reinstate your
license. In addition, you may be subject to an
investigation and you may be required to file
an SR-22 Certificate of Insurance.
Driving on a Suspended or Revoked
License
If you are cited for driving on a revoked or
suspended license, your vehicle may be
impounded by the law enforcement agency for
up to 30 days. If you are convicted of driving
on a suspended or revoked license, you may
be eligible for a restricted driver license.
A person that is convicted of not having
or failing to produce evidence of current
financial responsibility within the vehicle shall
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
52
receive a suspension of the driving license,
vehicle registration and license plates (as
directed by the courts) for:
▪ 3 months for a first violation.
▪ 6 months for a second violation within
36 months.
▪ 1 year for a third or subsequent
violation within 36 months.
Failure to Appear or Pay Fine for
Citation
Your driver license will be suspended if MVD
has been notified that you have not appeared
in court or have failed to pay a traffic violation
charge. When you are cited for a traffic
violation, your signature on the citation is
a promise to appear in traffic court. If you
fail to appear in court, or fail to pay a fine,
the court will direct MVD to suspend your
driving privilege. If you are under 18, your
driving privilege may be suspended for failure
to appear in court, pay a fine or failure to
comply with any court order.
Traffic Ticket Enforcement
Arizona courts report to MVD any person
who is delinquent paying fines or penalties
for civil or criminal traffic/boating violations,
or who has failed to appear in a criminal
traffic/boating case. MVD is then required
to update the person’s record to prohibit the
renewal of any vehicle registrations with that
person as an owner.
Nitrous Oxide
If you are under 18, it is unlawful to use
false identification to cause a person to
sell, serve, give or furnish a nitrous oxide
container. These actions will result in your
driving privilege being suspended; you are
also subject to possible fines and/or a jail
sentence. Nitrous oxide is commonly known a
laughing gas and has a variety of uses, including
as an anesthetic by doctors and dentists. It can
also be addictive and long-term use may cause
severe medical problems or death.
The suspension penalties are:
▪ First offense – Your driving privilege
will be suspended for 6 months.
▪ Second and subsequent offenses
– Your driving privilege will be
suspended for 12 months.
Altered or Fictitious License
It is unlawful to display any license that
you know is canceled, revoked, suspended,
fictitious or altered. It is also illegal to alter a
license or obtain a false driver license. These
actions will result in your driving privilege
being suspended. You are also subject to
possible fines and/or a jail sentence.
Driving Under the Influence
It is unlawful for any person who is under the
influence of intoxicating liquor or any drugs
to drive or be in actual physical control of
any vehicle.
When you apply for and accept the privilege
to drive a vehicle in Arizona, you give consent
to be tested for alcohol and drugs if you are
arrested for driving while under the influence
of intoxicating liquor or drugs (DUI). This is
known as the Implied Consent Law.
When a law enforcement officer has reason
to believe you have been driving while under
the influence, the officer will request that
you submit to a test of your blood, breath,
urine or other bodily substance to measure
the amount of alcohol or drugs present in
your bloodstream.
DUI Penalties
If you are stopped for driving under the
influence and a test shows that you have
an alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent or
more (0.04 in a commercial vehicle requiring
a commercial driver license), you will lose
your driving privilege on the spot.
You may be found guilty of driving while
intoxicated even if the BAC was less than 0.08
percent. If you are under 21, your license
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
53
may be suspended if there is any alcohol
concentration.
If you refuse to submit to or do not
successfully complete any tests when you are
arrested for driving under the influence, you
will automatically lose your driving privilege
for 12 months, or 24 months for a second
refusal within 84 months.
In addition to any criminal penalties imposed
by the court for a second or third offense
DUI violation, your driving privilege will be
automatically revoked.
DUI
▪ First offense – you will be jailed for
not less than 10 consecutive days,
your driver license will be suspended
for not less than 90 days, and you will
be assessed a fine of not less than
$1,250. You will also be required to
undergo alcohol screening/education/
treatment and will be ordered to
perform community service and
may be ordered to equip any vehicle
you operate with a certified ignition
interlock device.
▪ Second and subsequent offenses –
You will be jailed for not less than 90
days, fined not less than $3,000, and
your license will be revoked for 12
months. You will also be required to
undergo alcohol screening/education/
treatment and may be ordered to equip
any vehicle you operate with a certified
ignition interlock device, and will be
ordered to perform community service.
Extreme DUI
This category of DUI applies to a person with
an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or higher.
▪ First offense – You will be jailed for
not less than 30 consecutive days
and fined not less than $2,500. If
the alcohol concentration is 0.20
or higher, you will be jailed not less
than 45 days and will not be eligible
for suspended sentence. You will
also be required to undergo alcohol
screening/education/treatment
and will be ordered to perform
community service and to equip any
vehicle you operate with a certified
ignition interlock device.
▪ Second and subsequent offenses –
You will be jailed for not less than 120
days, fined not less than $3,250 and
your license will be revoked for 12
months. If the alcohol concentration
is 0.20 or higher, you will be jailed
not less than 180 days and will not
be eligible for suspended sentence.
You will also be required to undergo
alcohol screening/education/
treatment and to equip any vehicle
you operate with a certified ignition
interlock device, and will be ordered
to perform community service.
Aggravated DUI
This category of DUI applies to a person who
commits a DUI while their driving privilege is
suspended or revoked, commits a third DUI
in 7 years, or commits a DUI while a person
under 15 is in the vehicle.
The aggravated DUI law also includes a violation
where a person who is subject to a Certified
Ignition Interlock Device (CIID) requirement
commits a DUI or extreme DUI violation.
You will be sent to prison for not more
than 2 years and, in addition to any other
penalty required by law, your license will be
revoked for 1 year. You will also be required
to undergo alcohol screening/education/
treatment and to equip any vehicle you operate
with a certified ignition interlock device.
Certified Ignition Interlock Device
A certified ignition interlock device is a
breath alcohol testing instrument connected
to the ignition and power system of the
vehicle. The driver blows into the device
before attempting to turn the ignition. If the
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54
driver’s alcohol level is above a certain level,
the vehicle will not start. While the vehicle
is in operation, the driver must blow into the
device at random intervals.
Arizona law allows a person to obtain a
special ignition interlock restricted driver
license while the person’s Class D or Class
G driving privilege is under suspension or
revocation after a minimum period of 90 days
has been served for any of the following:
▪ First offense for an implied consent
violation.
▪ Conviction of aggravated DUI or
extreme DUI with a minor in the vehicle.
▪ Conviction of DUI or extreme DUI or
having any spirituous liquor in the
person’s body while operating a motor
vehicle while under 18 years of age.
▪ Conviction of operating a motor
vehicle while 18 to 20 years of age
with any spirituous liquor in the
person’s body.
▪ Or, during a revocation for two DUI’s
within an 84 month period after a
minimum period of 45 days has been
served, and one of the violations is on
or after January 1, 2012.
The person must comply with the certified
ignition interlock device requirements,
complete alcohol treatment classes when
required and carry proof of future financial
responsibility insurance.
Executive Hearing Office
The Executive Hearing Office conducts
hearings which have been requested by
individuals or businesses contesting an Order
issued by MVD. Although there are many
kinds of hearings, most involve an appeal
to an Order suspending or revoking a driver
license. Usually, the suspension or revocation
results from traffic law violations.
Whenever you have the right to appeal an
Order, the notice of suspension/revocation
will inform you of the procedure to be
followed if you choose to request a hearing.
It is particularly important to file a hearing
request within the time required by law. You
may lose your right to the hearing if you delay.
If you need additional information concerning
the hearing procedure, call the Executive
Hearing Office at 602.712.7737. Remember,
the law only allows the Executive Hearing
Office to provide general information.
For more specific legal advice, you might
consider consulting an attorney.
Section 6
HANDLING EMERGENCIES
Skids, tire blowouts and mechanical failures
can happen at any time. You need to be
prepared to handle them.
The following recommendations are to assist
you with emergency situations.
Tire Failure
Reduce your chances of a blowout by
checking your tire pressure regularly. If a tire
blowout occurs:
▪ Hold the steering wheel tightly and
keep your vehicle going straight.
▪ Ease off the gas pedal; do not apply
the brakes.
▪ Let the vehicle slow down until it is
almost stopped.
Just before your vehicle stops, activate your
turn signal to let other drivers know you are
moving to the side of the road, then pull off
the roadway and apply the brakes.
Fire
Fires are usually caused by a short circuit in
the electrical system. If you have a fire, pull
quickly off the road, shut off the ignition to
cut electrical power and get all passengers
away from the car. Call 911.
Always carry a fire extinguisher. An ABC rated
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
55
dry chemical extinguisher is best for vehicle
fires. Do not use water if gasoline is burning
since this will spread the flames. If you do not
have a fire extinguisher, a heavy blanket, a heavy
coat or sand can help to smother the flames.
Fires are dangerous. If you have any
indication that the fire may be beyond your
control, get away from the vehicle.
Overheating
Steam coming from under your hood
may mean that your cooling system has
overheated. You should:
▪ Pull to the side of the road and turn
off your engine immediately.
▪ Raise the hood but do not open the
radiator cap. Opening the radiator cap
while the engine is hot may allow steam
to escape and cause severe burns.
Carry extra water in your car to add to your
radiator if the engine overheats. Never
attempt to add water while the engine is hot!
Add water only after the engine has cooled.
Power Steering Failure
(Example: Your engine dies as you pull around
a corner).
▪ Firmly grip the steering wheel with
both hands to complete the turn and
move to the right side of the road.
▪ Stop the car; push the brakes extra
hard if your vehicle has power brakes.
Headlight Failure
▪ Try the high beam/low beam switch.
This may restore normal function.
▪ Turn the headlight switch on and off
several times.
▪ If neither of these steps work, put on
the parking lights, emergency flashers
or turn signals; pull to the side of the
road and stop.
Brake Failure
Many vehicles feature Anti-lock Braking
Systems (ABS). Do not pump anti-lock brakes.
If a vehicle does not have anti-lock brakes:
▪ Pump the brakes rapidly. This may build
up enough pressure to stop your vehicle.
▪ If pumping the brakes does not work,
slowly apply the parking brake. Be
sure to hold the brake release so
you can ease off the brake if the rear
wheels lock and the car begins to skid.
▪ Shift to lower gear and look for a safe
place to stop.
Crashes
Avoiding a Crash
If you are stopped at a traffic light or stop sign
and another vehicle is approaching you from
behind at a high rate of speed, you should:
▪ If possible, pull your vehicle forward
in an effort to give the approaching
vehicle more room to stop.
▪ If the crash cannot be avoided, brace
yourself between the steering wheel
and the back of the seat and release
your brake an instant before impact.
This will help to lessen the impact.
If you are in danger from a potential head-on
crash, do one of the following:
▪ Reduce your speed and flash your
headlights and use your horn in an
effort to warn the other driver.
▪ Head for the shoulder and get off of the
road away from the oncoming driver.
▪ If you cannot avoid the crash, try to
maneuver your vehicle in such a way
as to lessen the severity of impact.
Always wear your safety belts. This is the best
thing you can do to protect yourself from
injury in the event of a crash.
Compromising
Another important defensive driving skill
is compromise. When you cannot separate
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
56
risks, and you must deal with two or more
at the same time, compromise by giving the
most room to either the greatest or most
likely danger. For example, if you are driving
on a two-lane street with oncoming cars
to your left and a child riding a bike to your
right. The child is the most likely to move
suddenly, so you need a larger space cushion
to the right. In this case, moving closer to the
center line is the correct compromise.
Recovering from Skids
Driving on a slippery roadway surface or
braking too sharply can throw your vehicle
into a skid. When this occurs, there are
several actions to take:
▪ Do not press on the brake any further;
this will only make the skid worse.
▪ Turn the wheel quickly in the direction
you want your vehicle to follow (in the
direction of the skid).
▪ As the car begins to straighten out,
turn the wheel quickly back the other
way so your vehicle does not skid in
the opposite direction.
▪ Continue turning the wheel back and
forth as necessary until your vehicle
straightens to its normal path.
Debris on the Road
Debris on the roadway is common in Arizona.
Pieces of blown tires, unsecured materials
falling off trucks, rocks falling onto the
road during a storm, and other debris all
pose hazards. Drivers need to be constantly
aware of their surroundings and prepare for
the unexpected. A common crash related
to debris is a driver swerving to avoid the
hazard, losing control of their vehicle and
leaving the roadway. In some cases, driving
over the debris would have resulted in a
much less severe incident. That’s a decision
you may have to make in a fraction of a
second. Stay constantly alert and always be
thinking ahead about what you would do if you
suddenly have debris show up in front of you.
Animals on the Road
Animals large and small can do a lot of
damage to your vehicle or cause you to lose
control. Wildlife may dart onto the road
in unexpected locations. Livestock such as
cows and horses may be let onto the road by
people leaving gates open or cutting fences.
If you encounter an animal on the road, slow
down as much as you can and maneuver to
avoid a direct crash without losing control of
your vehicle. If the animal is not yet on the
road, do not sound your horn, as that may
startle the animal and cause it to run out in
front of you. If you see an animal on the road
that is a hazard to traffic, call 911 and report
it to law enforcement.
Crash Procedures
Reporting Crashes
If you are involved in a crash, you are to
remain at the scene to provide assistance
to any person injured and to exchange
information with the other drivers. You
should provide:
▪ Driver License number.
▪ Name and address.
▪ Insurance company name and policy
number.
▪ Information on witnesses of the crash.
▪ License plate numbers.
In case of injury, you are also required to
immediately call the police.
Assisting at the Scene of a Crash
If you are one of the first persons to come
upon the scene of a crash:
▪ Pull your vehicle off the road and turn
on your hazard flashers.
▪ Turn off the ignition of vehicles
involved in the crash.
▪ Notify emergency officials – call 911.
▪ Do not stand or walk in traffic lanes.
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
57
▪ Ask others who have stopped to warn
the approaching traffic.
In the event of a crash, provided there has
been no serious physical injury or fatality,
the vehicles involved in the crash shall be
removed from the main traveled portions of
the roadway. Any licensed driver may move
the vehicle as long as the vehicle is safely
operable (does not require towing and can
be operated under its own power) and the
movement does not cause further damage to
the vehicles or increase traffic hazards.
Any person who removes a motor
vehicle from the main traveled portion
of the roadway prior to the arrival of law
enforcement personnel shall not be held
liable or at fault for the crash based solely on
the fact the vehicle was moved.
Quick Clearance
In the event of a minor, non-injury crash,
drivers should get their vehicles, if they are
operable, out of travel lanes as soon as it’s
safe to do so.
State law requires a driver involved in a minor
crash without injuries to remove a vehicle
from the roadway if it is operable and can be
moved safely. Quickly moving your vehicle out
of travel lanes provides a safer environment
to inspect your car for damage. Moving your
vehicle to the emergency shoulder, median
or exiting the highway also provides a safer
environment for first responders and keeps
travel lanes clear for other vehicles, reducing
the chance of a secondary crash.
If you are involved in a crash, the first action
to take is to make sure you and occupants in
your vehicle are OK. Then, if your vehicle is
operable, move to the emergency shoulder,
median or exit the highway and call 911.
Stay out of travel lanes, be alert and watch
approaching traffic. Remember: Never leave
the scene of a crash.
FENDER BENDER?
SAVE YOUR REAR AND QUICKLY CLEAR
Failure to Stop at a Crash
If you are a driver involved in a crash where
there is damage to a vehicle, injury or death,
you are required by law to stop your vehicle
and remain at the scene of the crash:
▪ Provide aid to any injured person,
including making arrangements for
medical treatment by calling 911.
▪ Provide your name, address and
license plate number to emergency
providers and law enforcement.
Conviction for failure to stop will result in
your driving privilege being:
▪ Suspended for 1 year if involving only
damage to a vehicle.
▪ Revoked for 3 years if involving injury
other than death or serious physical
injury.
▪ Revoked for 5 years, not including the
time you are incarcerated, if involving
a serious physical injury.
▪ Revoked for 10 years, not including the
time you are incarcerated, if involving
a death.
Section 7
LAW ENFORCEMENT
The below information has been provided by
the Arizona Department of Public Safety, in
partnership with local law enforcement agencies.
Traffic Stop Safety
In order to protect the safety of the motoring
public, law enforcement officers will routinely
conduct traffic stops to address an observed
violation of the law. When you are the subject
of a traffic stop it is important that you
understand the following expectations for
the safety of yourself, your passengers, the
officer, and other motorists on the roadway.
When observing law enforcement lights and/
or sirens activated behind you, drivers should
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
58
immediately yield to the right side of the
roadway by activating your turn signal, checking
blind spots and vehicle mirrors, and yielding to
the right shoulder or curb of the roadway.
The driver should stop their vehicle in a safe
location off the highway or off the main
traveled portion of the roadway as soon
as practical. Appropriate areas to pull over
include the emergency shoulder or off-ramp
of a highway, shoulder of a city street, in a
business parking lot, or as directed by the
law enforcement officer. Avoid stopping on
an overpass, bridge, curved roadway, or any
area with limited or no space available to the
right of the vehicle. If the officer feels the
area is unsafe, the officer may direct you to
move your vehicle to a different location.
Drivers are expected to comply with law
enforcement officer’s orders during a traffic
stop. Failure to follow or refusal to comply
with any lawful order or direction of a peace
officer is a violation of the law and can result
in the driver being arrested. Drivers and
passengers may be ordered to remain in the
vehicle, exit the vehicle and may be ordered
to move to a safer location. Passengers may
be ordered to remain on scene.
After the car is stopped drivers should:
▪ Put the car in park;
▪ Remain in the vehicle;
▪ Keep your seatbelt fastened; (This
also applies to any other vehicle
occupants.)
▪ Keep your hands on the steering
wheel in a visible location;
▪ Wait for the law enforcement officer
to approach your vehicle and make
contact;
▪ Consider lowering your windows,
especially if tinted, to allow for
additional visibility and communication
to ensure the safety of all parties
involved with the traffic stop;
▪ At night, turn on overhead passenger
compartment lights to illuminate the
inside of the vehicle; and
▪ If requested, inform the officer of any
weapons on your person or in the
vehicle.
In addition to the guidelines above, drivers
with firearms in the vehicle should keep
your hands on the steering wheel in a visible
location and when the officer approaches
let them know that you have a firearm in the
vehicle and where the firearm is located. If
requested, the officer may take possession
of the weapon, for safety reasons, until the
contact is complete.
Drivers should not:
▪ Reach around inside the vehicle. If
you need to reach for an item, contact
the officer verbally to indicate the
item you need to locate and only do
so after the officer has given verbal
confirmation.
▪ Get out of the vehicle unexpectedly
or approach the officer. If you need to
exit your vehicle, contact the officer
verbally to ask to exit the vehicle, only
exit after the officer has given verbal
confirmation to do so.
While every traffic stop varies based on
the circumstances of the stop, drivers can
generally expect the officer to:
▪ Greet the driver;
▪ Identify themselves as a law
enforcement officer;
▪ Obtain the driver license, vehicle
registration and proof of insurance;
▪ Inform the individual of the reason
for the stop and explain the
circumstances for issuance of the
citation or warning;
▪ Check both the validity and
authenticity of the driver license;
Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide
59
The following forms of identification are
acceptable in identifying the driver during a
traffic stop:
▪ Arizona driver license;
▪ Out-of-state driver license;
▪ Temporary license;
▪ Learner permit;
▪ Military id; or
▪ Consulate/international driver license
Depending on the nature of the stop the
officer may issue a citation, warning, or take
a violator into custody. The citation should
contain the specific code or statute and a
description of the violation. Signing for or
accepting a citation from an officer is not
an admission of guilt or responsibility, it’s
simply acknowledging the receipt of the
citation in the case of a civil violation and
promising to appear in the case of a criminal
violation. All citations will be referred to a
local jurisdiction for a hearing. Drivers can
utilize the court system to address criminal
or civil matters, with the option of a diversion
program in some cases, such as driver
education training.
Law enforcement officers are expected to
maintain the highest level of professionalism
during a traffic stop. Should questions
arise regarding the officer’s conduct
during a traffic stop, drivers should contact
the officer’s law enforcement agency or
supervisor using the officer information
located on the citation.
Please visit the ADOT website at
azdot.gov for information on:
▪ Applying for a Title and Registration
▪ 90-Day Resident Registration
▪ Temporary Registrations
▪ What to do after you sell a vehicle
▪ License plate credit and how to apply
for a refund
▪ Vehicle Inspections
▪ Emission Testing
▪ Vehicle Insurance
▪ Registration Compliance Program
▪ Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV)
Always Be Prepared
Be prepared for emergencies. Consider
packing an emergency kit containing some of
the items listed below:
▪ Water containers/drinking water
▪ Fire extinguisher
▪ First Aid kit
▪ Sunglasses
▪ Food
▪ Can opener
▪ Flashlight
▪ Blankets
▪ Gloves
▪ Maps
▪ Paper towels
▪ Tire chains
▪ Gasoline can
▪ Rope
▪ Electrical tape
▪ Flares
▪ Jumper cables
▪ Absorbent cloths
▪ Mirror
▪ Motor oil
▪ Note pad and pencil
▪ Jack, lug wrench and spare tire
▪ Hand tools (screwdriver, pliers,
wrenches)
Arizona Department of Transportation
Motor Vehicle Division
azdot.gov
99-0117 R04/2018

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